Bosonization of QCD at high density

Abstract

We describe the color-flavor locking (CFL) color superconductor in terms of bosonic variables, where the gaped quarks are realized as solitons, so-called superqualitons. We then show that the ground state of the CFL color superconductor is a $Q$-matter, which is the lowest energy state for a given fixed baryon number. From this $Q$-matter, we calculate the minimal energy to create a superqualiton and argue that it is twice of the Cooper gap. Upon quantizing the zero modes of superqualitons, we find superqualitons have the same quantum number as the gaped quarks and furthermore all the high spin states of superqualitons are absent in the effective bosonic description of the CFL color superconductor.