Fermion propagator in out of equilibrium quantum-field system and the Boltzmann equation

Abstract

We aim to construct from first principles a perturbative framework for studying nonequilibrium quantum-field systems that include massless Dirac fermions. The system of our concern is quasiuniform system near equilibrium or nonequilibrium quasistationary system. We employ the closed-time-path formalism and use the so-called gradient approximation. Essentially no further approximation is introduced. We construct a fermion propagator, with which a well-defined perturbative framework is formulated. In the course of construction of the framework, we obtain the generalized Boltzmann equation (GBE) that describes the evolution of the number-density functions of (anti)fermionic quasiparticles.