U(1)Q invariance and SU(3)C X SU(3)L X U(1)X models with beta arbitrary
Abstract
Using the U(1)Q invariance, the photon eigenstate and matching gauge coupling constants in SU(3)C X SU(3)L X U(1)X models with beta arbitrary are given. The mass matrix of neutral gauge bosons is exactly diagonalized, and the photon eigenstate is independent on the symmetry breaking parameters - VEV's of Higgs scalars. By obtaining the electromagnetic vertex, the model is embedded naturally into the standard model.
0
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.