Accelerated expansion and the Goldstone ghost
Abstract
A vacuum instability due to a massless ghost in a hidden sector can lead to an effective equation of state for dark energy that changes smoothly from w=-3/2 at large redshifts, to w≈-1.2 today, to w=-1 in the future. We discuss how this ghost can be the Goldstone boson of Lorentz symmetry breaking, and we find that this breaking in the hidden sector should occur at a scale below 10 KeV. The normal particles that are produced along with the ghosts are then predominantly neutrinos.
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