Rigid modules over preprojective algebras

Abstract

Let $\la$ be a preprojective algebra of simply laced Dynkin type $\Delta$. We study maximal rigid $\la$-modules, their endomorphism algebras and a mutation operation on these modules. This leads to a representation-theoretic construction of the cluster algebra structure on the ring $\C[N]$ of polynomial functions on a maximal unipotent subgroup $N$ of a complex Lie group of type $\Delta$. As an application we obtain that all cluster monomials of $\C[N]$ belong to the dual semicanonical basis.