Convergence of random measures in geometric probability

Abstract

Given $n$ independent random marked $d$-vectors $X_i$ with a common density, define the measure $ν_n = \sum_i ξ_i $, where $ξ_i$ is a measure (not necessarily a point measure) determined by the (suitably rescaled) set of points near $X_i$. Technically, this means here that $ξ_i$ stabilizes with a suitable power-law decay of the tail of the radius of stabilization. For bounded test functions $f$ on $R^d$, we give a law of large numbers and central limit theorem for $ν_n(f)$. The latter implies weak convergence of $ν_n(\cdot)$, suitably scaled and centred, to a Gaussian field acting on bounded test functions. The general result is illustrated with applications including the volume and surface measure of germ-grain models with unbounded grain sizes.