The Averaging lemma and regularizing effect

Abstract

We prove new velocity averaging results for second-order multidimensional equations of the general form, $\op(\nabla_x,v)f(x,v)=g(x,v)$ where $\op(\nabla_x,v):=\bba(v)\cdot\nabla_x-\nabla_x^\top\cdot\bbb(v)\nabla_x$. These results quantify the Sobolev regularity of the averages, $\int_vf(x,v)ϕ(v)dv$, in terms of the non-degeneracy of the set $\{v: |\op(\ixi,v)|\leq δ\}$ and the mere integrability of the data, $(f,g)\in (L^p_{x,v},L^q_{x,v})$. Velocity averaging is then used to study the \emph{regularizing effect} in quasilinear second-order equations, $\op(\nabla_x,ρ)ρ=S(ρ)$ using their underlying kinetic formulations, $\op(\nabla_x,v)χ_ρ=g_{{}_S}$. In particular, we improve previous regularity statements for nonlinear conservation laws, and we derive completely new regularity results for convection-diffusion and elliptic equations driven by degenerate, non-isotropic diffusion.