On the Violations of Local Equilibrium and Linear Response

Abstract

We study how local equilibrium, and linear response predictions of transport coefficients are violated as systems move far from equilibrium. This is done by studying heat flow in classical lattice models with and without bulk transport behavior, in 1--3 dimensions. We see that linear response and local equilibrium assumptions break down at the same rate. The equation of state is also found to develop non-local corrections in the steady state. We quantify the breakdown through the analysis of both microscopic and macroscopic observables, which are found to display non-trivial size dependence.