Nuclear Moments and Electron Density Functionals in Atoms

Abstract

An electron density functional approach for the calculation of the nuclear multipole moments is presented. The electronic matrix elements entering the experimentally observed hyperfine electron-nucleus interaction constants in atoms are expressed in terms of the electron density functionals of the charge or spin distributions. In principle, the construction of the charge or spin distribution density functionals can be obtained by means of every relativistic or non-relativistic quantum-mechanical or DFT method. The electronic matrix elements for all the electronic operators of the existing Hamiltonians of hyperfine electron-nuclear interactions are considered.