Can only flavor-nonsinglet H dibaryons be stable against strong decays?

Abstract

Using the QCD sum rule approach, we show that the flavor-nonsinglet $H$ dibaryon states with J$^π = 1^+$, J$^π = 0^+$, I=1 (27plet) are nearly degenerate with the J$^π = 0^+$, I=0 singlet $H_0$ dibaryon, which has been predicted to be stable against strong decay, but has not been observed. Our calculation, which does not require an instanton correction, suggests that the $H_0$ is slightly heavier than these flavor-nonsinglet $H$s over a wide range of the parameter space. If the singlet $H_0$ mass lies above the $ΛΛ$ threshold (2231~MeV), then the strong interaction breakup to $ΛΛ$ would produce a very broad resonance in the $ΛΛ$ invariant mass spectrum which would be very difficult to observe. On the other hand, if these flavor-nonsinglet J=0 and 1 $H$ dibaryons are also above the $ΛΛ$ threshold, but below the $Ξ^0n$ breakup threshold (2254 MeV), then because the direct, strong interaction decay to the $ΛΛ$ channel is forbidden, these flavor-nonsinglet states might be more amenable to experimental observation. The present results allow a possible reconciliation between the reported observation of $ΛΛ$ hypernuclei, which argue against a stable $H_0$, and the possible existence of $H$ dibaryons in general.