Superluminal Phenomena as Instantaneous Transferring of Excitations in Correspondence with the Wigner Principle of Causality

Abstract

It is shown that the transferring of light signal faster-than-c can take place exclusively as the instantaneous quantum tunneling. Its extent (space size of instanton) must be inversely relative to lack of energy till nearest stable or resonant state. ''Superluminality'' leads to nonlocality ''in small'', in a near field zone, and can be described by 4-vector $A_{\mu}$, the $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{H}$ fields remain local. These assertions are proven, independently, in the frameworks of general field theory and by the theory of time duration of scattering, with taking into account the entropy growing. They are correlated with peculiarities of tunneling and frustrated total reflection. The results correspond to the Wigner formulation of causality: ''The scattered wave cannot escape a scatterer before the initial wave reaches it'' and are conformed to experimental data on superluminal transferring.