A low-loss fiber accessible plasmon photonic crystal waveguide for planar energy guiding and sensing
Stefan A. Maier, Paul E. Barclay, Thomas J. Johnson, Michelle D. Friedman, Oskar J. Painter
Abstract
A metal nanoparticle plasmon waveguide for electromagnetic energy transport utilizing dispersion engineering to dramatically increase lateral energy confinement via a two-dimensional pattern of Au dots on an optically thin Si membrane is described. Using finite-difference time-domain simulations and coupled-mode theory, we show that phase-matched evanescent excitation from conventional fiber tapers is possible with efficiencies > 90 % for realistic geometries. Energy loss in this waveguide is mainly due to material absorption, allowing for 1/e energy decay distances of about 2 mm for excitation at telecommunication frequencies. This concept can be extended to the visible regime and promises applications in optical energy guiding, optical sensing, and switching.
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