Faraday Instability in a Surface-Frozen Liquid
Patrick Huber, Viktor Soprunyuk, Jan Embs, Christian Wagner, Moshe Deutsch, Satish Kumar
Abstract
Faraday surface instability measurements of the critical acceleration, ac, and wavenumber, kc, for standing surface waves on a tetracosanol (C24H50) melt exhibit abrupt changes at Ts=54degC above the bulk freezing temperature. The measured variations of ac and kc vs. temperature and driving frequency are accounted for quantitatively by a hydrodynamic model, revealing a change from a free-slip surface flow, generic for a free liquid surface (T>Ts), to a surface-pinned, no-slip flow, characteristic of a flow near a wetted solid wall (T < Ts). The change at Ts is traced to the onset of surface freezing, where the steep velocity gradient in the surface-pinned flow significantly increases the viscous dissipation near the surface.
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