Perturbation of an eigenvalue from a dense point spectrum: a general Floquet Hamiltonian

Abstract

We consider a perturbed Floquet Hamiltonian $-i\partial_t + H + \beta V(\omega t)$ in the Hilbert space $L^2([0,T],E,dt)$. Here $H$ is a self-adjoint operator in $E$ with a discrete spectrum obeying a growing gap condition, $V(t)$ is a symmetric bounded operator in $E$ depending on $t$ $2\pi$-periodically, $\omega = 2\pi/T$ is a frequency and $\beta$ is a coupling constant. The spectrum $Spec(-i\partial_t + H)$ of the unperturbed part is pure point and dense in $R$ for almost every $\omega$. This fact excludes application of the regular perturbation theory. Nevertheless we show, for almost all $\omega$ and provided $V(t)$ is sufficiently smooth, that the perturbation theory still makes sense, however, with two modifications. First, the coupling constant is restricted to a set $I$ which need not be an interval but 0 is still a point of density of $I$. Second, the Rayleigh-Schrodinger series are asymptotic to the perturbed eigen-value and the perturbed eigen-vector.