Universal 1/f noise, cross-overs of scaling exponents, and chromosome specific patterns of GC content in DNA sequences of the human genome
Abstract
Spatial fluctuations of guanine and cytosine base content (GC%) are studied by spectral analysis for the complete set of human genomic DNA sequences. We find that (i) the 1/falpha decay is universally observed in the power spectra of all twenty-four chromosomes, and that (ii) the exponent alpha ≈ 1 extends to about 107 bases, one order of magnitude longer than what has previously been observed. We further find that (iii) almost all human chromosomes exhibit a cross-over from alpha1 ≈ 1 (1/falpha1) at lower frequency to alpha2 < 1 (1/falpha2) at higher frequency, typically occurring at around 30,000--100,000 bases, while (iv) the cross-over in this frequency range is virtually absent in human chromosome 22. In addition to the universal 1/falpha noise in power spectra, we find (v) several lines of evidence for chromosome-specific correlation structures, including a 500,000 bases long oscillation in human chromosome 21. The universal 1/falpha spectrum in human genome is further substantiated by a resistance to variance reduction in guanine and cytosine content when the window size is increased.
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.