Quantum states of hierarchic systems

Abstract

The density matrix formalism which is widely used in the theory of measurements, quantum computing, quantum description of chemical and biological systems always imply the averaging over the states of the environment. In practice this is impossible because the environment $U\setminusS$ of the system $S$ is the complement of this system to the whole Universe and contains infinitely many degrees of freedom. A novel method of construction density matrix which implies the averaging only over the direct environment is proposed. The Hilbert space of state vectors for the hierarchic quantum systems is constructed.