Angular momentum and the geometrical gauge of localized photon staes
Abstract
Localized photon states have non-zero angular momentum that varies with the non-unique choice of a transverse basis and is changed by gauge transformations of the geometric vector potential a. The position operator must depend on the choice of gauge, but a complete gauge transformation of a physically distinct state has no observable effects. The potential a has a Dirac string singularity that is related to an optical vortex of the electric field.
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