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Quantum communication and the creation of maximally entangled pairs of atoms over a noisy channel

H. -J. Briegel, W. Dür, S. J. van Enk, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller

quant-pharXiv:quant-ph/9712027

Abstract

We show how to create maximally entangled EPR pairs between spatially distant atoms, each of them inside a high-Q optical cavity, by sending photons through a general, noisy channel, such as a standard optical fiber. An error correction scheme that uses few auxiliary atoms in each cavity effectively eliminates photoabsorption and other transmission errors. This realizes the `absorption free channel.' A concatenation protocol using the absorption free channel allows for quantum communication with single qubits over distances much larger than the coherence length of the channel.

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