May 2017 arXiv papers

Philippe Gimenez, Jose Martínez-Bernal, Aron Simis, Rafael H. Villarreal

In this paper we study irreducible representations and symbolic Rees algebras of monomial ideals. Then we examine edge ideals associated to vertex-weighted oriented graphs. These are digraphs having no oriented cycles of length two with weights on the vertices. For a monomial ideal with no embedded primes we classify the normality of its symbolic Rees algebr

Alexei Oblomkov, Lev Rozansky

A Coxeter link is a closure of a product of two braids, one being a quasi-Coxeter element and the other being a product of partial full twists. This class of links includes torus knots \(T_{n,k}\) and torus links \(T_{n,nk}\). We identify the knot homology of a Coxeter link with the space of sections of a particular line bundle on a natural generalization of

Reza Gheissari, Eyal Lubetzky, Yuval Peres

We study the concentration of a degree-$d$ polynomial of the $N$ spins of a general Ising model, in the regime where single-site Glauber dynamics is contracting. For $d=1$, Gaussian concentration was shown by Marton (1996) and Samson (2000) as a special case of concentration for convex Lipschitz functions, and extended to a variety of related settings by e.g

Christos Dimitrakakis, Yang Liu, David Parkes, Goran Radanovic

We consider the problem of how decision making can be fair when the underlying probabilistic model of the world is not known with certainty. We argue that recent notions of fairness in machine learning need to explicitly incorporate parameter uncertainty, hence we introduce the notion of {\em Bayesian fairness} as a suitable candidate for fair decision rules

Jörg Endrullis, Helle Hvid Hansen, Dimitri Hendriks, Andrew Polonsky

We present a coinductive framework for defining and reasoning about the infinitary analogues of equational logic and term rewriting in a uniform, coinductive way. The setup captures rewrite sequences of arbitrary ordinal length, but it has neither the need for ordinals nor for metric convergence. This makes the framework especially suitable for formalization

Humphrey J. Maris, George M. Seidel, Derek Stein

We describe a method for dark matter detection based on the evaporation of helium atoms from a cold surface and their subsequent detection using field ionization. When a dark matter particle scatters off a nucleus of the target material, elementary excitations (phonons or rotons) are produced. Excitations which have an energy greater than the binding energy

Hiroki Sayama, Catherine Cramer, Lori Sheetz, Stephen Uzzo

This short article presents a summary of the NetSciEd (Network Science and Education) initiative that aims to address the need for curricula, resources, accessible materials, and tools for introducing K-12 students and the general public to the concept of networks, a crucial framework in understanding complexity. NetSciEd activities include (1) the NetSci Hi

Yuan-Sen Ting, Charlie Conroy, Hans-Walter Rix, Phillip Cargile

Understanding the evolution of the Milky Way calls for the precise abundance determination of many elements in many stars. A common perception is that deriving more than a few elemental abundances ([Fe/H], [$α$/Fe], perhaps [C/H], [N/H]) requires medium-to-high spectral resolution, $R \gtrsim 10,000$, mostly to overcome the effects of line blending. In recen

Yuri G. Zarhin

This is (mostly) a survey article. We use an information about Galois properties of points of small order on an abelian variety in order to describe its endomorphism algebra over an algebraic closure of the ground field. We discuss in detail applications to jacobians of cyclic covers of the projective line.

Mustafa A. Mohamad, Themistoklis P. Sapsis

We derive an analytical approximation to the probability distribution function (pdf) for the response of Mathieu's equation under parametric excitation by a random process with a spectrum peaked at the main resonant frequency, motivated by the problem of large amplitude ship roll resonance in random seas. The inclusion of random stochastic excitation ren

Harrison Pugh

We prove a generalization of Reifenberg's isoperimetric inequality. The main result of this paper is used to establish existence of a minimizer for an anisotropically-weighted area functional among a collection of surfaces which satisfies a set of axioms, namely being closed under certain deformations and Hausdorff limits. This problem is known as the ax

Mark R. Krumholz, Blakesley Burkhart, John C. Forbes, Roland M. Crocker

We introduce a new model for the structure and evolution of the gas in galactic discs. In the model the gas is in vertical pressure and energy balance. Star formation feedback injects energy and momentum, and non-axisymmetric torques prevent the gas from becoming more than marginally gravitationally unstable. From these assumptions we derive the relationship

J. P. Ramos-Andrade, F. J. Peña, A. González, O. Ávalos-Ovando

In this work, we study the conductance and the thermoelectric properties of a quantum dot embedded between two metallic leads with a side-coupled triple quantum dot molecule under a magnetic field. We focus on the spin polarization and thermoelectric quantities. Our results show the possibility of design an efficient spin filter device besides a noticeable e

Li Tang, Aditya Ramamoorthy

Coded caching is a technique that generalizes conventional caching and promises significant reductions in traffic over caching networks. However, the basic coded caching scheme requires that each file hosted in the server be partitioned into a large number (i.e., the subpacketization level) of non-overlapping subfiles. From a practical perspective, this is p

A. Tiwari, C. Zhang, D. -M. Mei, P. Cushman

Annual modulation of $γ$ rays from ($α$, $γ$) reactions in the Soudan Underground Lab has been observed using a 12-liter scintillation detector. This significant annual modulation, measured over 4 years, can mimic the signature for dark matter and can also generate potential background events for neutrinoless double-$β$ decay experiments. The measured annual

Nicholas G. Polson, Lei Sun

Bayesian $l_0$-regularized least squares is a variable selection technique for high dimensional predictors. The challenge is optimizing a non-convex objective function via search over model space consisting of all possible predictor combinations. Spike-and-slab (a.k.a. Bernoulli-Gaussian) priors are the gold standard for Bayesian variable selection, with a c

Martin Kuehn, Janis Keuper, Franz-Josef Pfreundt

Deep Neural Network (DNN) are currently of great inter- est in research and application. The training of these net- works is a compute intensive and time consuming task. To reduce training times to a bearable amount at reasonable cost we extend the popular Caffe toolbox for DNN with an efficient distributed memory communication pattern. To achieve good scala

Daniel A. Fagundes, Agnes Grau, Giulia Pancheri, Olga Shekhovtsova

Recent results for the total and inelastic hadronic cross-sections from LHC experiments are compared with predictions from a single channel PDF driven eikonal mini-jet model and from an empirical model. The role of soft gluon resummation in the infrared region in taming the rise of mini-jets and their contribution to the increase of the total cross-sections

Roel Apfelbaum

Let $I(n,l)$ denote the maximum possible number of incidences between $n$ points and $l$ lines. It is well known that $I(n,l) = Θ(n^{2/3}l^{2/3} + n + l)$. Let $c_{\mathrm{SzTr}}$ denote the lower bound on the constant of proportionality of the $n^{2/3}l^{2/3}$ term. The known lower bound, due to Elekes, is $c_{\mathrm{SzTr}} \ge 2^{-2/3} = 0.63$. With a sli

Jonathan Scarlett, Ilijia Bogunovic, Volkan Cevher

In this paper, we consider the problem of sequentially optimizing a black-box function $f$ based on noisy samples and bandit feedback. We assume that $f$ is smooth in the sense of having a bounded norm in some reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), yielding a commonly-considered non-Bayesian form of Gaussian process bandit optimization. We provide algorith

Jacek Jendrej, Andrew Lawrie

We consider the energy-critical wave maps equation $\mathbb R^{1+2} \to \mathbb S^2$ in the equivariant case, with equivariance degree $k \geq 2$. It is known that initial data of energy $ < 8kπ$ and topological degree zero leads to global solutions that scatter in both time directions. We consider the threshold case of energy $8kπ$. We prove that the soluti

Giorgos Stathopoulos, Colin N. Jones

Two characteristics that make convex decomposition algorithms attractive are simplicity of operations and generation of parallelizable structures. In principle, these schemes require that all coordinates update at the same time, i.e., they are synchronous by construction. Introducing asynchronicity in the updates can resolve several issues that appear in the

Kassandra R. Anderson, Dong Lai

Recent studies have proposed that most warm Jupiters (WJs, giant planets with semi-major axes in the range of 0.1-1 AU) probably form in-situ, or arrive in their observed orbits through disk migration. However, both in-situ formation and disk migration, in their simplest flavors, predict WJs to be in low-eccentricity orbits, in contradiction with many observ

Gejza Jenča

We introduce two monads on the category of graphs and prove that their Eilenberg-Moore categories are isomorphic to the category of perfect matchings and the category of partial Steiner triple systems, respectively. As a simple application of these results, we describe the product in the categories of perfect matchings and partial Steiner triple systems.

Dima Grigoriev, Vladimir V. Podolskii

Tropical algebra emerges in many fields of mathematics such as algebraic geometry, mathematical physics and combinatorial optimization. In part, its importance is related to the fact that it makes various parameters of mathematical objects computationally accessible. Tropical polynomials play a fundamental role in this, especially for the case of algebraic g

Quintin Mabanta, Jeremiah W. Murphy

An important result in core-collapse supernova (CCSN) theory is that spherically-symmetric, one-dimensional simulations routinely fail to explode, yet multi-dimensional simulations often explode. Numerical investigations suggest that turbulence eases the condition for explosion, but how is not fully understood. We develop a turbulence model for neutrino-driv

Michael C. H. Choi

We study two types of Metropolis-Hastings (MH) reversiblizations for non-reversible Markov chains with Markov kernel $P$. While the first type is the classical Metropolised version of $P$, we introduce a new self-adjoint kernel which captures the opposite transition effect of the first type, that we call the second MH kernel. We investigate the spectral rela

Dmitry E. Pelinovsky

There exists a critical speed of propagation of the line solitons in the Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation such that small transversely periodic perturbations are unstable for line solitons with larger-than-critical speeds and orbitally stable for those with smaller-than-critical speeds. The normal form for transverse instability of the line soliton with a ne

Cristina B. Manzaneda, Enide Andrade, María Robbiano

A square matrix of order $n$ with $n\geq 2$ is called a \textit{permutative matrix} or permutative when all its rows (up to the first one) are permutations of precisely its first row. In this paper, the spectra of a class of permutative matrices are studied. In particular, spectral results for matrices partitioned into $2$-by-$2$ symmetric blocks are present

T. L. Esplin, K. L. Luhman, J. K. Faherty, E. E. Mamajek

We have performed a search for planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the Chamaeleon I star-forming region using proper motions and photometry measured from optical and infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope, and ground-based facilities. Through near-infrared spectroscopy at Gemini Observatory, we have confirmed six of the candi

Georgios Chintzoglou, Angelos Vourlidas, Antonia Savcheva, Svetlin Tassev

We present the analysis of an unusual failed eruption captured in high cadence and in many wavelengths during the observing campaign in support of the VAULT2.0 sounding rocket launch. The refurbished Very high Angular resolution Ultraviolet Telescope (VAULT2.0) is a Ly$α$ ($λ$ 1216 Å) spectroheliograph launched on September 30, 2014. The campaign targeted ac

C. Lefebvre, D. Gagnon, F. Fillion-Gourdeau, S. MacLean

We numerically study the interaction of a terahertz pulse with monolayer graphene. We observe that the electron momentum density is affected by the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the single- to few-cycle terahertz laser pulse that induces the electron dynamics. In particular, we see strong asymmetric electron momentum distributions for non-zero values of th

E. Barradas-Guevara, J. Lorenzo Diaz-Cruz, O. Felix-Beltran, U. J. Saldana-Salazar

The study of LFV decays of the Higgs boson, $h\to \ell_i \ell_j$, has become an active research subject both from the experimental and theoretical points of view. Such decays vanish within the SM and are highly suppressed in several theoretical extensions. Due to its relevance and relative simplicity to reconstruct the signal at future colliders, it is an im

Cong Xiao, Qian Niu

We study spin torques induced by Rashba spin-orbit coupling in two-dimensional ferromagnets under the good-metal condition $ε_{F}τ/\hbar\gg1$ ($ε_{F}$ the Fermi energy, $τ$ the electron lifetime) by employing the Kubo formula. We find that, in the presence of spin-dependent disorder the Rashba torque changes greatly as the system evolves out of the weak diso

Tom Veniat, Ludovic Denoyer

We propose to focus on the problem of discovering neural network architectures efficient in terms of both prediction quality and cost. For instance, our approach is able to solve the following tasks: learn a neural network able to predict well in less than 100 milliseconds or learn an efficient model that fits in a 50 Mb memory. Our contribution is a novel f

Angelos Katharopoulos, François Fleuret

Importance sampling has been successfully used to accelerate stochastic optimization in many convex problems. However, the lack of an efficient way to calculate the importance still hinders its application to Deep Learning. In this paper, we show that the loss value can be used as an alternative importance metric, and propose a way to efficiently approximate

Simone Costa, Fiorenza Morini, Anita Pasotti, Marco Antonio Pellegrini

In this paper we propose a conjecture concerning partial sums of an arbitrary finite subset of an abelian group, that naturally arises investigating simple Heffter systems. Then, we show its connection with related open problems and we present some results about the validity of these conjectures.

A. Iorio, P. Pais, I. A. Elmashad, A. F. Ali

We show that a generalized Dirac structure survives beyond the linear regime of the low-energy dispersion relations of graphene. A generalized uncertainty principle of the kind compatible with specific quantum gravity scenarios with a fundamental minimal length (here graphene lattice spacing) and Lorentz violation (here the particle/hole asymmetry, the trigo

Yiyang Zhang, Francesc Ferrer, Tanmay Vachaspati

We investigate if the topology of pure gauge fields in the electroweak vacuum can play a role in classical dynamics at the electroweak phase transition. Our numerical analysis shows that magnetic fields are produced if the initial vacuum has non-trivial Chern-Simons number, and the fields are helical if the Chern-Simons number changes during the phase transi

Raphael F. Ribeiro, Joel Yuen-Zhou

We develop a geometric construction to prove the inevitability of the electronic ground-state (adiabatic) Berry phase for a class of Jahn-Teller models with maximal continuous symmetries and N > 2 intersecting electronic states. Given that vibronic ground-state degeneracy in JT models may be seen as a consequence of the electronic Berry phase, and that any J

Arash Vahdat

Collecting large training datasets, annotated with high-quality labels, is costly and time-consuming. This paper proposes a novel framework for training deep convolutional neural networks from noisy labeled datasets that can be obtained cheaply. The problem is formulated using an undirected graphical model that represents the relationship between noisy and c

Maksym Romenskyy, Viktoria Spaiser, Thomas Ihle, Vladimir Lobaskin

Multiple countries have recently experienced extreme political polarization, which in some cases led to escalation of hate crime, violence and political instability. Beside the much discussed presidential elections in the United States and France, Britain&#39;s Brexit vote and Turkish constitutional referendum, showed signs of extreme polarization. Among the

Lukas Rammelmüller, William J. Porter, Jens Braun, Joaquín Drut

We study the evolution from few- to many-body physics of fermionic systems in one spatial dimension with attractive pairwise interactions. We determine the detailed form of the momentum distribution, the structure of the one-body density matrix, and the pairing properties encoded in the two-body density matrix. From the low- and high-momentum scaling behavio

F. Verrecchia, M. Tavani, A. Ursi, A. Argan

The LIGO/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) detected on 2017 January 4, a significant gravitational-wave (GW) event (now named GW170104). We report in this Letter the main results obtained from the analysis of hard X-ray and gamma-ray data of the AGILE mission that repeatedly observed the GW170104 localization region (LR). At the LVC detection time $T_0$ AGILE observ

Nathanael L. Baisa, Andrew Wallace

We propose a new framework that extends the standard Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter for multiple targets having $N\geq2$ different types based on Random Finite Set theory, taking into account not only background clutter, but also confusions among detections of different target types, which are in general different in character from background cl

V. Bhalerao, M. M. Kasliwal, D. Bhattacharya, A. Corsi

We present multi-wavelength follow-up campaigns by the AstroSat-CZTI and GROWTH collaborations to search for an electromagnetic counterpart to the gravitational wave event GW170104. At the time of the GW170104 trigger, the AstroSat CZTI field-of-view covered 50.3\% of the sky localization. We do not detect any hard X-ray (>100 keV) signal at this time, and p

Ryan Babbush, Nathan Wiebe, Jarrod McClean, James McClain

Quantum simulation of the electronic structure problem is one of the most researched applications of quantum computing. The majority of quantum algorithms for this problem encode the wavefunction using $N$ Gaussian orbitals, leading to Hamiltonians with ${\cal O}(N^4)$ second-quantized terms. We avoid this overhead and extend methods to the condensed phase b

Aaron J. Friedman, Romain Vasseur, Andrew C. Potter, S. A. Parameswaran

We study the non-equilibrium phase structure of the three-state random quantum Potts model in one dimension. This spin chain is characterized by a non-Abelian $D_3$ symmetry recently argued to be incompatible with the existence of a symmetry-preserving many-body localized (MBL) phase. Using exact diagonalization and a finite-size scaling analysis, we find th

Rukmani Vijayaraghavan, Craig Sarazin

We simulate anisotropic thermal conduction between the intracluster medium (ICM) and the hot coronal interstellar medium (ISM) gas in cluster galaxies. In the earlier Paper I (Vijayaraghavan & Sarazin 2017a), we simulated the evaporation of the hot ISM due to isotropic (possibly saturated) conduction between the ISM and ICM. We found that hot coronae evapora

Vincenzo Alba

Understanding the entanglement structure of out-of-equilibrium many-body systems is a challenging yet revealing task. Here we investigate the entanglement dynamics after a quench from a piecewise homogeneous initial state in integrable systems. This is the prototypical setup for studying quantum transport, and it consists in the sudden junction of two macros

Thomas Hartman, Sean A. Hartnoll, Raghu Mahajan

The linear growth of operators in local quantum systems leads to an effective lightcone even if the system is non-relativistic. We show that consistency of diffusive transport with this lightcone places an upper bound on the diffusivity: $D \lesssim v^2 τ_\text{eq}$. The operator growth velocity $v$ defines the lightcone and $τ_\text{eq}$ is the local equili

Daniel K. Brattan, Omrie Ovdat, Eric Akkermans

We demonstrate the existence of a universal transition from a continuous scale invariant phase to a discrete scale invariant phase for a class of one-dimensional quantum systems with anisotropic scaling symmetry between space and time. These systems describe a Lifshitz scalar interacting with a background potential. The transition occurs at a critical coupli

Philip Phillips, Chandan Setty, Shuyi Zhang

Motivated by recent bounds for charge diffusion in critical matter, we investigate the question: What sets the scale for charge diffusion in a scale-invariant system? To make our statements precise, we analyze the diffusion pole in an exactly solvable model for a Mott transition in the presence of a long-range interaction term. To achieve scale invariance, w

Sebastian A. R. Ellis, James D. Wells

Suppressing naturalness concerns, we discuss the compatibility requirements of high-scale supersymmetry breaking with the Higgs boson mass constraint and gauge coupling unification. We find that to accommodate superpartner masses significantly greater than the electroweak scale, one must introduce large non-degeneracy factors. These factors are enumerated, a

Daniel Lenz, Brandon S. Hensley, Olivier Doré

We present a new map of interstellar reddening, covering the 39\% of the sky with low {\rm HI} column densities ($N_{\rm HI} < 4\times10^{20}\,\rm cm^{-2}$ or $E(B-V)\approx 45\rm\, mmag$) at $16\overset{&#39;}{.}1$ resolution, based on all-sky observations of Galactic HI emission by the HI4PI Survey. In this low column density regime, we derive a characteri

Michaela Hirschmann, Stephane Charlot, Anna Feltre, Thorsten Naab

Galaxies occupy different regions of the [OIII]$\lambda5007$/H$β$-versus-[NII]$\lambda6584$/H$α$ emission-line ratio diagram in the distant and local Universe. We investigate the origin of this intriguing result by modelling self-consistently, for the first time, nebular emission from young stars, accreting black holes (BHs) and older, post-asymptotic-giant-

Natalie Price-Jones, Jo Bovy

Chemical tagging of stars based on their similar compositions can offer new insights about the star formation and dynamical history of the Milky Way. We investigate the feasibility of identifying groups of stars in chemical space by forgoing the use of model derived abundances in favour of direct analysis of spectra. This facilitates the propagation of measu

Jonathan Ruhman, Patrick A. Lee

Recently, Prakash et. al. have discovered bulk superconductivity in single crystals of bismuth, which is a semi metal with extremely low carrier density. At such low density, we argue that conventional electron-phonon coupling is too weak to be responsible for the binding of electrons into Cooper pairs. We study a dynamically screened Coulomb interaction wit

Sayan Chakraborty, Franz Luef

In this article we describe extensions of some K-theory classes of Heisenberg modules over higher-dimensional noncommutative tori to projective modules over crossed products of noncommutative tori by finite cyclic groups, aka noncommutative orbifolds. The two dimensional case was treated by Echterhoff, Lück, Phillips and Walters. Our approach is based on the

Martha Constantinou, Haralambos Panagopoulos

In this paper we present results for the renormalization of gauge invariant nonlocal fermion operators which contain a Wilson line, to one-loop level in lattice perturbation theory. Our calculations have been performed for Wilson/clover fermions and a wide class of Symanzik improved gluon actions. The extended nature of such long-link operators results in a

Serhii Havrylov, Ivan Titov

Learning to communicate through interaction, rather than relying on explicit supervision, is often considered a prerequisite for developing a general AI. We study a setting where two agents engage in playing a referential game and, from scratch, develop a communication protocol necessary to succeed in this game. Unlike previous work, we require that messages

Xerxes D. Arsiwalla, Ricard Sole, Clement Moulin-Frier, Ivan Herreros

We construct a complexity-based morphospace to study systems-level properties of conscious & intelligent systems. The axes of this space label 3 complexity types: autonomous, cognitive & social. Given recent proposals to synthesize consciousness, a generic complexity-based conceptualization provides a useful framework for identifying defining features of con

Evita Nestoridi

This paper studies Markov chains on the chambers of real hyperplane arrangements, a model that generalizes famous examples, such as the Tsetlin library and riffle shuffles. We discuss cutoff for the Tsetlin library for general weights, and we give an exact formula for the separation distance for the hyperplane arrangement walk. We introduce lower bounds, whi

Wenhan Zhang, Quansheng Wu, Lunyong Zhang, Sang-Wook Cheong

Topological Weyl semimetal (TWS) is a metal, where low energy excitations behave like Weyl fermions of high-energy physics. It was recently shown that due to the lower symmetry of condensed matter systems, they can realize two distinct types of Weyl fermions. The type-I Weyl fermion in a metal is formed by a linear crossing of two bands at a point in the cry

Ziyuan Gao, Boting Yang

Cops and robbers is a vertex-pursuit game played on graphs. In the classical cops-and-robbers game, a set of cops and a robber occupy the vertices of the graph and move alternately along the graph&#39;s edges with perfect information about each other&#39;s positions. If a cop eventually occupies the same vertex as the robber, then the cops win; the robber wi

Darren W. Moore, Oussama Houhou, Alessandro Ferraro

We consider opto- and electro-mechanical quantum systems composed of a driven cavity mode interacting with a set of mechanical resonators. It has been proposed that the latter can be initialized in arbitrary cluster states, including universal resource states for Measurement Based Quantum Computation (MBQC). We show that, despite the unavailability in this s

David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky, Alexei Bylinskii, Dorian Gangloff, Rajibul Islam

Quantization of energy is a quintessential characteristic of quantum systems. Here we analyze its effects on the operation of Otto cycle heat machines and show that energy quantization alone may alter and increase machine performance in terms of output power, efficiency, and even operation mode. Our results demonstrate that quantum thermodynamics enable the

Rui Li, Michael Fleischhauer

We investigate the quantization of adiabatic charge transport in the insulating ground state of finite systems. Topological charge pumps are used in experiments as an indicator of topological order. In the thermodynamic limit the transport can be related to a topological Berry phase and is thus strictly quantized. This is no longer true for finite systems. W

Lei Fang, David Schmeltzer, Jian-Xin Zhu, Avadh Saxena

We propose a scheme to detect the Majorana-zero-mode-induced crossed Andreev reflection by measuring tunneling current directly. In this scheme a metallic ring structure is utilized to separate electron and hole signals. Since tunneling electrons and holes have different propagating wave vectors, the conditions for them to be constructively coherent in the r

Nathanael L. Baisa, Deepayan Bhowmik, Andrew Wallace

Tracking a target of interest in both sparse and crowded environments is a challenging problem, not yet successfully addressed in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new long-term visual tracking algorithm, learning discriminative correlation filters and using an online classifier, to track a target of interest in both sparse and crowded video sequen

Piyabut Burikham, Tiberiu Harko, Matthew J. Lake

Though not a part of mainstream physics, Salam&#39;s theory of strong gravity remains a viable effective model for the description of strong interactions in the gauge singlet sector of QCD, capable of producing particle confinement and asymptotic freedom, but not of reproducing interactions involving $SU(3)$ colour charge. It may therefore be used to explore

Dag Østvang

Working within the quasi-metric framework (QMF), it is examined if the gravitational field exterior to an isolated, spherically symmetric body is necessarily metrically static, or equivalently, whether or not Birkhoff&#39;s theorem holds for quasi-metric gravity. It is found that it does; however the proof is somewhat different from the general-relativistic

R. Inanc Baykur, Osamu Saeki

We present explicit algorithms for simplifying the topology of indefinite fibrations on 4-manifolds, which include broken Lefschetz fibrations and indefinite Morse 2-functions. The algorithms consist of sequences of moves, which modify indefinite fibrations in smooth 1-parameter families. In particular, given an arbitrary broken Lefschetz fibration, we show

Tae-hyeon Shin, Joseph Clampitt, Bhuvnesh Jain, Gary Bernstein

We study the ellipticity of galaxy cluster halos as characterized by the distribution of cluster galaxies and as measured with weak lensing. We use monte-carlo simulations of elliptical cluster density profiles to estimate and correct for Poisson noise bias, edge bias and projection effects. We apply our methodology to 10,428 SDSS clusters identified by the

Hsiao-Yu Fish Tung, Adam W. Harley, William Seto, Katerina Fragkiadaki

Researchers have developed excellent feed-forward models that learn to map images to desired outputs, such as to the images&#39; latent factors, or to other images, using supervised learning. Learning such mappings from unlabelled data, or improving upon supervised models by exploiting unlabelled data, remains elusive. We argue that there are two important p

Morten Grønnesby, Juan Carlos Aviles Solis, Einar Holsbø, Hasse Melbye

In recent years, many innovative solutions for recording and viewing sounds from a stethoscope have become available. However, to fully utilize such devices, there is a need for an automated approach for detecting abnormal lung sounds, which is better than the existing methods that typically have been developed and evaluated using a small and non-diverse dat

Ewain Gwynne, Jason Miller, Scott Sheffield

We prove that the Tutte embeddings (a.k.a. harmonic/barycentric embeddings) of certain random planar maps converge to $γ$-Liouville quantum gravity ($γ$-LQG). Specifically, we treat mated-CRT maps, which are discretized matings of correlated continuum random trees, and $γ$ ranges from $0$ to $2$ as one varies the correlation parameter. We also show that the

Wei Mao, Suhas Diggavi, Sreeram Kannan

Nanopore sequencing is an emerging new technology for sequencing DNA, which can read long fragments of DNA (~50,000 bases) in contrast to most current short-read sequencing technologies which can only read hundreds of bases. While nanopore sequencers can acquire long reads, the high error rates (20%-30%) pose a technical challenge. In a nanopore sequencer, a

Emmanuel Jeandel, Simon Perdrix, Renaud Vilmart

We introduce the first complete and approximatively universal diagrammatic language for quantum mechanics. We make the ZX-Calculus, a diagrammatic language introduced by Coecke and Duncan, complete for the so-called Clifford+T quantum mechanics by adding four new axioms to the language. The completeness of the ZX-Calculus for Clifford+T quantum mechanics was

Marzio Cassandro, Antonio Galves, Eva Löcherbach

In the present paper, we study the relation between criticality and information transmission in the one-dimensional contact process with infection parameter $λ.$ To do this we define the {\it sensitivity} of the process to its initial condition. This sensitivity increases for values of $λ< λ_c, $ the value of the critical parameter. The main point of the pre

Friedemann Zenke, Surya Ganguli

A vast majority of computation in the brain is performed by spiking neural networks. Despite the ubiquity of such spiking, we currently lack an understanding of how biological spiking neural circuits learn and compute in-vivo, as well as how we can instantiate such capabilities in artificial spiking circuits in-silico. Here we revisit the problem of supervis

Michael Sven Ferguson, David Oehri, Clemens Rössler, Thomas Ihn

We present a theoretical analysis of spin-coherent electronic transport across a mesoscopic dot-cavity system. Such spin-coherent transport has been recently demonstrated in an experiment with a dot-cavity hybrid implemented in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas [C. Rössler et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 166603 (2015)] and its spectroscopic signatur

Nguyen T. Hung, Ahmad R. T. Nugraha, Riichiro Saito

We propose three-dimensional carbon (3D-C) structures based on the Archimedean lattices (ALs) by combining $sp^2$ bonding in the polygon edges and $sp^3$ bonding in the polygon vertices. By first-principles calculations, four types of 3D-C ALs: (4, $8^2$), (3, $12^2$), ($6^3$), and ($4^4$) 3D-Cs are predicted to be stable both dynamically and mechanically am

Christian A. Naesseth, Scott W. Linderman, Rajesh Ranganath, David M. Blei

Many recent advances in large scale probabilistic inference rely on variational methods. The success of variational approaches depends on (i) formulating a flexible parametric family of distributions, and (ii) optimizing the parameters to find the member of this family that most closely approximates the exact posterior. In this paper we present a new approxi

Vladimir S. Matveev, Katharina Neusser

We show that for any complete connected Kähler manifold the index of the group of complex affine transformations in the group of c-projective transformations is at most two unless the Kähler manifold is isometric to complex projective space equipped with a positive constant multiple of the Fubini-Study metric. This establishes a stronger version of the recen

Francesco Bonsante, Andrea Seppi

Given two Fuchsian representations $ρ_l$ and $ρ_r$ of the fundamental group of a closed oriented surface $S$ of genus $\geq 2$, we study the relation between Lagrangian submanifolds of $M_ρ=(\mathbb{H}^2/ρ_l(π_1(S)))\times (\mathbb{H}^2/ρ_r(π_1(S)))$ and $ρ$-equivariant embeddings $σ$ of $\widetilde S$ into Anti-de Sitter space, where $ρ=(ρ_l,ρ_r)$ is the co

Luan Tran, Xi Yin, Xiaoming Liu

The large pose discrepancy between two face images is one of the fundamental challenges in automatic face recognition. Conventional approaches to pose-invariant face recognition either perform face frontalization on, or learn a pose-invariant representation from, a non-frontal face image. We argue that it is more desirable to perform both tasks jointly to al

Jonas Hegemann, Sebastian Knoche, Simon Egger, Maureen Kott

We provide a C/C++ software for the shape analysis of deflated elastic capsules in a pendant capsule geometry, which is based on an elastic description of the capsule material as a quasi two-dimensional elastic membrane using shell theory. Pendant capsule elastometry provides a new in-situ and non-contact method for interfacial rheology of elastic capsules.

Gabriele Ria, Davide Meloni

Assuming the existence of a new real scalar singlet $s^0$ coupled to the Standard Model via a scalar quartic portal interaction, we compute the radiative corrections to the decay rates of the heavy scalar mass eigenstate to a couple of gauge bosons $ZZ$ and $W^+W^-(γ)$, showing that they can give a contribution as large as ${\cal{O}}$(5\%) and ${\cal{O}}$(7\

Nirmal Patel, Collin Sellman, Derek Lomas

In this paper, we describe data mining techniques used to extract frequent learning pathways from a large educational dataset. These pathways were extracted as a directed graph that encoded student learning processes. Our dataset contains more than 800 million interactions of over 3 million anonymized students in an online learning platform. Performing proce

Paul-Christian Bürkner

The brms package allows R users to easily specify a wide range of Bayesian single-level and multilevel models, which are fitted with the probabilistic programming language Stan behind the scenes. Several response distributions are supported, of which all parameters (e.g., location, scale, and shape) can be predicted at the same time thus allowing for distrib

Qizhe Xie, Zihang Dai, Yulun Du, Eduard Hovy

Learning meaningful representations that maintain the content necessary for a particular task while filtering away detrimental variations is a problem of great interest in machine learning. In this paper, we tackle the problem of learning representations invariant to a specific factor or trait of data. The representation learning process is formulated as an

Yuri Trakhinin

We study the free boundary problem for the flow of a compressible isentropic inviscid elastic fluid. At the free boundary moving with the velocity of the fluid particles the columns of the deformation gradient are tangent to the boundary and the pressure vanishes outside the flow domain. We prove the local-in-time existence of a unique smooth solution of the

Soomin Lee, Nikolaos Chatzipanagiotis, Michael M. Zavlanos

In this paper we present complexity certification results for a distributed Augmented Lagrangian (AL) algorithm used to solve convex optimization problems involving globally coupled linear constraints. Our method relies on the Accelerated Distributed Augmented Lagrangian (ADAL) algorithm, which can handle the coupled linear constraints in a distributed manne

Z. H. Peng, J. H. Ding, Y. Zhou, L. L. Ying

We experimentally study a vacuum-induced Autler-Townes doublet in a superconducting three-level artificial atom strongly coupled to a coplanar waveguide resonator and simultaneously to a transmission line. The Autler-Townes splitting is observed in the reflection spectrum from the three-level atom in a transition between the ground state and the second excit

Xiaoyun Tang, Changtao Yu

In this essay, we study the sufficient and necessary conditions for a Randers metrc to be of constant Ricci curvature without the restriction of strong convexity (regularity). The classification result for the case $\|β\|_α>1$ is provided, which is similar to the famous Bao-Robles-Shen&#39;s result for strongly convex Randers metrics ($\|β\|_α<1$). Based on

Robert T. Thompson, Mohsen Fathi

There is ongoing interest in adopting various tools and ideas from general relativity for optical applications and the study of light propagation through natural or engineered media. Here, the covariant kinematics of light propagating through arbitrary dielectric media in curved space-times are derived, allowing for analysis and tracing of congruences of lig

Zhenzhou Wu, Sean Saito

Traditionally, classifying large hierarchical labels with more than 10000 distinct traces can only be achieved with flatten labels. Although flatten labels is feasible, it misses the hierarchical information in the labels. Hierarchical models like HSVM by \cite{vural2004hierarchical} becomes impossible to train because of the sheer number of SVMs in the whol

Ariane Carrance

We present here random distributions on $(D+1)$-edge-colored, bipartite graphs with a fixed number of vertices $2p$. These graphs are dual to $D$-dimensional orientable colored complexes. We investigate the behavior of quantities related to those random graphs, such as their number of connected components or the number of vertices of their dual complexes, as

A. N. Ivanov

We analyse the Lorentz structure of the matrix elements of the transitions &#34;neutron <-->proton&#34;, induced by the charged hadronic vector current. We show that the term maintaining conservation of the charged hadronic vector current even for different masses of the neutron and proton (see T. Leitner et al., Phys. Rev. C 73, 065502 (2006) and A. M. Anko