Quantum Metrology Triangle Experiments: A Status Review

Abstract

Quantum Metrology Triangle experiments combine three quantum electrical effects (the Josephson effect, the quantum Hall effect and the single-electron transport effect) used in metrology. These experiments allow important fundamental consistency tests on the validity of commonly assumed relations between fundamental constants of nature and the quantum electrical effects. This paper reviews the history, results and the present status and perspectives of Quantum Metrology Triangle experiments. It also reflects on the possible implications of results for the knowledge on fundamental constants and the quantum electrical effects.