Temperature-stabilized differential amplifer for low-noise DC measurements

Abstract

A tabletop low-noise differential amplifer with a bandwidth of 100 kHz is presented. Low voltage drifts of the order of 100 nV/day are reached by thermally stabilizing relevant amplifer components. The input leakage current is below 100 fA. Input-stage errors are reduced by extensive circuitry. Voltage noise, current noise, input capacitance and input current are extraordinarily low. The input resistance is larger than 1 TOhm. The amplifers were tested with and deployed for electrical transport measurements of quantum devices at cryogenic temperatures.