February 2018 arXiv papers

Mostafa Reisi Gahrooei, Hao Yan, Kamran Paynabar, Jianjun Shi

With advancements in sensor technology, a heterogeneous set of data, containing samples of scalar, waveform signal, image, or even structured point cloud are becoming increasingly popular. Developing a statistical model, representing the behavior of the underlying system based upon such a heterogeneous set of data can be used in monitoring, control, and opti

Ibrahima Bah, Emily Nardoni

We study the 't Hooft anomalies of four-dimensional superconformal field theories that arise from M5-branes wrapped on a punctured Riemann surface. In general there are two independent contributions to the anomalies. There is a bulk term obtained by integrating the anomaly polynomial of the world-volume theory on the M5-branes over the Riemann surface; t

Mehmet Necip Kurt, Yasin Yilmaz, Xiaodong Wang

For a safe and reliable operation of the smart grid, timely detection of cyber-attacks is of critical importance. Moreover, considering smarter and more capable attackers, robust detection mechanisms are needed against a diverse range of cyber-attacks. With these purposes, we propose a robust online detection algorithm for (possibly combined) false data inje

Enrique del Castillo, Adam Meyers, Peng Chen

We study the U.S. Operations Research/Industrial-Systems Engineering (ORIE) faculty hiring network, consisting of 1,179 faculty origin and destination data together with attribute data from 83 ORIE departments. A social network analysis of faculty hires can reveal important patterns in an academic field, such as the existence of a hierarchy or sociological a

Abdulaziz M. Alayba, Vasile Palade, Matthew England, Rahat Iqbal

The complexities of Arabic language in morphology, orthography and dialects makes sentiment analysis for Arabic more challenging. Also, text feature extraction from short messages like tweets, in order to gauge the sentiment, makes this task even more difficult. In recent years, deep neural networks were often employed and showed very good results in sentime

Anthony Bonato, Jeannette Janssen, Anthony Quas

We prove the existence of Rado sets in the Banach space of continuous functions on [0,1]. A countable dense set S is Rado if with probability 1, the infinite geometric random graph on S, formed by probabilistically making adjacent elements of S that are within unit distance of each other, is unique up to isomorphism. We show that for a suitable measure which

Rohan Chitnis, Leslie Pack Kaelbling, Tomás Lozano-Pérez

In partially observed environments, it can be useful for a human to provide the robot with declarative information that represents probabilistic relational constraints on properties of objects in the world, augmenting the robot's sensory observations. For instance, a robot tasked with a search-and-rescue mission may be informed by the human that two vict

Christopher W. Lynn, Lia Papadopoulos, Daniel D. Lee, Danielle S. Bassett

Human populations exhibit complex behaviors---characterized by long-range correlations and surges in activity---across a range of social, political, and technological contexts. Yet it remains unclear where these collective behaviors come from, or if there even exists a set of unifying principles. Indeed, existing explanations typically rely on context-specif

Benito van der Zander, Maciej Liśkiewicz, Johannes Textor

Principled reasoning about the identifiability of causal effects from non-experimental data is an important application of graphical causal models. This paper focuses on effects that are identifiable by covariate adjustment, a commonly used estimation approach. We present an algorithmic framework for efficiently testing, constructing, and enumerating $m$-sep

Liwei Wu, Cho-Jui Hsieh, James Sharpnack

In this paper, we propose a listwise approach for constructing user-specific rankings in recommendation systems in a collaborative fashion. We contrast the listwise approach to previous pointwise and pairwise approaches, which are based on treating either each rating or each pairwise comparison as an independent instance respectively. By extending the work o

Gi-Ren Liu, Yu-Lun Lo, John Malik, Yuan-Chung Sheu

We propose a novel algorithm for sleep dynamics visualization and automatic annotation by applying diffusion geometry based sensor fusion algorithm to fuse spectral information from two electroencephalograms (EEG). The diffusion geometry approach helps organize the nonlinear dynamical structure hidden in the EEG signal. The visualization is achieved by the n

Jeffrey Regier, Andrew C. Miller, David Schlegel, Ryan P. Adams

We present a new, fully generative model for constructing astronomical catalogs from optical telescope image sets. Each pixel intensity is treated as a random variable with parameters that depend on the latent properties of stars and galaxies. These latent properties are themselves modeled as random. We compare two procedures for posterior inference. One pro

Viktor Stojkoski, Zoran Utkovski, Lasko Basnarkov, Ljupco Kocarev

We introduce a framework for studying social dilemmas in networked societies where individuals follow a simple state-based behavioral mechanism based on generalized reciprocity, which is rooted in the principle "help anyone if helped by someone". Within this general framework, which applies to a wide range of social dilemmas including, among others,

Christopher W. Lynn, Daniel D. Lee

A wide array of complex biological, social, and physical systems have recently been shown to be quantitatively described by Ising models, which lie at the intersection of statistical physics and machine learning. Here, we study the fundamental question of how to optimize the state of a networked Ising system given a budget of external influence. In the conti

Victor V. Albert

This work derives an analytical formula for the asymptotic state---the quantum state resulting from an infinite number of applications of a general quantum channel on some initial state. For channels admitting multiple fixed or rotating points, conserved quantities---the left fixed/rotating points of the channel---determine the dependence of the asymptotic s

Clarence Simard

This paper presents a generalization of the Kunita-Watanabe decomposition of a $L^2$ space with nonlinear stochastic integrals where the integrator is a family of continuous martingales bounded in $L^2$. To get the result, a useful relation between the regularity of the martingale family respect to its parameter and the regularity of the integrand in its mar

Stanislav Pakuliak, Eric Ragoucy, Nikita Slavnov

This short note summarizes the works done in collaboration between S. Belliard (CEA, Saclay), L. Frappat (LAPTh, Annecy), S. Pakuliak (JINR, Dubna), E. Ragoucy (LAPTh, Annecy), N. Slavnov (Steklov Math. Inst., Moscow) and more recently A. Hutsalyuk (Wuppertal / Moscow) and A. Liashyk (Kiev / Moscow). It presents the construction of Bethe vectors, their scala

S. Rosenblum, P. Reinhold, M. Mirrahimi, Liang Jiang

A critical component of any quantum error-correcting scheme is detection of errors by using an ancilla system. However, errors occurring in the ancilla can propagate onto the logical qubit, irreversibly corrupting the encoded information. We demonstrate a fault-tolerant error-detection scheme that suppresses spreading of ancilla errors by a factor of 5, whil

Ofer Aharony, Talya Vaknin

We study Zamolodchikov's TT* deformation of two dimensional quantum field theories in a 't Hooft-like limit, in which we scale the number of degrees of freedom c to infinity and the deformation parameter t to zero, keeping their product t*c fixed (more precisely, we keep energies and distances fixed in units of t*c). In this limit the Hagedorn temper

Robert Raussendorf, Cihan Okay, Dong-Sheng Wang, David T. Stephen

We provide the first example of a symmetry protected quantum phase that has universal computational power. Throughout this phase, which lives in spatial dimension two, the ground state is a universal resource for measurement based quantum computation.

Quynh Nguyen, Mahesh Chandra Mukkamala, Matthias Hein

In the recent literature the important role of depth in deep learning has been emphasized. In this paper we argue that sufficient width of a feedforward network is equally important by answering the simple question under which conditions the decision regions of a neural network are connected. It turns out that for a class of activation functions including le

Paul Apisa, Howard Masur

The set of directions from a quadratic differential that diverge on average under Teichmuller geodesic flow has Hausdorff dimension exactly equal to one-half.

Housen Li, Johannes Schwab, Stephan Antholzer, Markus Haltmeier

Recovering a function or high-dimensional parameter vector from indirect measurements is a central task in various scientific areas. Several methods for solving such inverse problems are well developed and well understood. Recently, novel algorithms using deep learning and neural networks for inverse problems appeared. While still in their infancy, these tec

Murat Cubuktepe, Ufuk Topcu

We develop a method for computing policies in Markov decision processes with risk-sensitive measures subject to temporal logic constraints. Specifically, we use a particular risk-sensitive measure from cumulative prospect theory, which has been previously adopted in psychology and economics. The nonlinear transformation of the probabilities and utility funct

T. P. Adhikari, K. Hryniewicz, A. Różańska, B. Czerny

The requirement of intermediate line component in the recently observed spectra of several AGNs points to possibility of the existence of a physically separate region between broad line region (BLR) and narrow line region (NLR). In this paper we explore the emission from intermediate line region (ILR) by using the photoionization simulations of the gas cloud

W. Domitrz, M. C. Romero Fuster, M. Zwierzyński

The secant caustic of a planar curve $M$ is the image of the singular set of the secant map of $M$. We analyse the geometrical properties of the secant caustic of a planar curve, i.e. the number of branches of the secant caustic, the parity of the number of cusps and the number of inflexion points in each branch of this set. In particular, we investigate in

Lea Waller, Anastasia Brovkin, Lena Dorfschmidt, Danilo Bzdok

Background: We previously presented GraphVar as a user-friendly MATLAB toolbox for comprehensive graph analyses of functional brain connectivity. Here we introduce a comprehensive extension of the toolbox allowing users to seamlessly explore easily customizable decoding models across functional connectivity measures as well as additional features. New Method

Noriaki Ikeda, Thomas Strobl

We observe that a system of irreducible, fiber-linear, first class constraints on T*M is equivalent to the definition of a foliation Lie algebroid over M. The BFV formulation of the constrained system is given by the Hamiltonian lift of the Vaintrob description (E[1],Q) of the Lie algebroid to its cotangent bundle T*E[1]. Affine deformations of the constrain

Thomas Vasileiadis, Lutz Waldecker, Dawn Foster, Alessandra Da Silva

We study the ultrafast structural dynamics, in response to electronic excitations, in heterostructures composed of Au$_{923}$ nanoclusters on thin-film substrates with the use of femtosecond electron diffraction. Various forms of atomic motion, such as thermal vibrations, thermal expansion and lattice disordering, manifest as distinct and quantifiable recipr

Oliver F. Piattella

The first version of these lecture notes is based on the hand-written notes I prepared for the cosmology course taught to graduate students of PPGFis and PPGCosmo at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), starting in 2014. The course covers topics ranging from the evidence for the expanding universe to the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Backg

Adrian Melissinos

In an FEL the electrons traveling through the undulator are surrounded in their own reference frame by Unruh radiation at a temperature of order 8,000 Kelvin. When these virtual photons scatter from the beam electrons they become real and can be detected. Because of the microbunching of the FEL electron beam this process proceeds coherently for a fraction of

Luan Tran, Kihyuk Sohn, Xiang Yu, Xiaoming Liu

Recent developments in deep domain adaptation have allowed knowledge transfer from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain at the level of intermediate features or input pixels. We propose that advantages may be derived by combining them, in the form of different insights that lead to a novel design and complementary properties that result in b

Juan Davila, Manuel del Pino, Monica Musso, Juncheng Wei

A classical problem for the two-dimensional Euler flow for an incompressible fluid confined to a smooth domain. is that of finding regular solutions with highly concentrated vorticities around $N$ moving {\em vortices}. The formal dynamic law for such objects was first derived in the 19th century by Kirkhoff and Routh. In this paper we devise a {\em gluing a

Ryan Marcus, Olga Papaemmanouil

Join order selection plays a significant role in query performance. However, modern query optimizers typically employ static join enumeration algorithms that do not receive any feedback about the quality of the resulting plan. Hence, optimizers often repeatedly choose the same bad plan, as they do not have a mechanism for "learning from their mistakes&#3

Katrin Becker, Melanie Becker, Daniel Butter, William D. Linch

Eleven-dimensional supergravity can be formulated in superspaces locally of the form $\mathbf X\times Y$ where $\mathbf X$ is 4D $N=1$ conformal superspace and $Y$ is an arbitrary 7-manifold admitting a $G_2$-structure. The eleven-dimensional 3-form and the stable 3-form on $Y$ define the lowest component of a gauge superfield on $\mathbf X \times Y$ that is

Myle Ott, Michael Auli, David Grangier, Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Machine translation is a popular test bed for research in neural sequence-to-sequence models but despite much recent research, there is still a lack of understanding of these models. Practitioners report performance degradation with large beams, the under-estimation of rare words and a lack of diversity in the final translations. Our study relates some of th

Janine C. Mergel, Riad Sahli, Julien Scheibert, Roger A. Sauer

We develop two new continuum contact models for coupled adhesion and friction, and discuss them in the context of existing models proposed in the literature. Our new models are able to describe sliding friction even under tensile normal forces, which seems reasonable for certain adhesion mechanisms. In contrast, existing continuum models for combined adhesio

Rok Cestnik, Michael Rosenblum

Phase response curves are important for analysis and modeling of oscillatory dynamics in various applications, particularly in neuroscience. Standard experimental technique for determining them requires isolation of the system and application of a specifically designed input. However, isolation is not always feasible and we are compelled to observe the syste

Jeffrey M. Hokanson

Given measurements of a linear time-invariant system, the McMillan degree is the dimension of the smallest such system that reproduces these observed dynamics. Using impulse response measurements where the system has been started in some (unknown) state and then allowed to evolve freely, a classical result by Ho and Kalman reveals the McMillan degree as the

CMS Collaboration

Modifications of the properties of jets in PbPb collisions, relative to those in pp collisions, are studied at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV via correlations of charged particles with the jet axis in relative pseudorapidity ($Δη$), relative azimuth ($Δϕ$), and relative angular distance from the jet axis $Δ\mathr

Minwoo Suh

We study supersymmetric Janus solutions of dyonic $ISO(7)$-gauged $\mathcal{N}$ = 8 supergravity. We mostly find Janus solutions flowing to 3d $\mathcal{N}$ = 8 SYM phase which is the worldvolume theory on D2-branes and non-conformal. There are also solutions flowing from the critical points which are dual to 3d SCFTs from deformations of the D2-brane theory

Juan C. Helo, Martin Hirsch, Toshihiko Ota

Within the standard model, non-renormalizable operators at dimension six ($d=6$) violate baryon and lepton number by one unit and thus lead to proton decay. Here, we point out that the proton decay mode with a charged pion and missing energy can be a characteristic signature of $d=6$ operators containing a light sterile neutrino, if it is not accompanied by

M. S. Rosito, S. E. Pedrosa, P. B Tissera, V. Avila-Reese

Understanding the formation and evolution of early-type, spheroid-dominated galaxies is an open question within the context of the hierarchical clustering scenario, particularly, in low-density environments. Our goal is to study the main structural, dynamical, and stellar population properties and assembly histories of field spheroid-dominated galaxies forme

Zhao Liu, Andrey Gromov, Zlatko Papić

We introduce a quench of the geometry of Landau level orbitals as a probe of nonequilibrium dynamics of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states. We show that such geometric quenches induce coherent many-body dynamics of neutral degrees of freedom of FQH fluids. The simplest case of mass anisotropy quench can be experimentally implemented as a sudden tilt of the

Wen Wei Ho, Timothy H. Hsieh

We provide an efficient and general route for preparing non-trivial quantum states that are not adiabatically connected to unentangled product states. Our approach is a hybrid quantum-classical variational protocol that incorporates a feedback loop between a quantum simulator and a classical computer, and is experimentally realizable on near-term quantum dev

Shigeo Koshitani, Taro Sakurai

In 1941, Brauer-Nesbitt established a characterization of a block with trivial defect group as a block $B$ with $k(B) = 1$ where $k(B)$ is the number of irreducible ordinary characters of $B$. In 1982, Brandt established a characterization of a block with defect group of order two as a block $B$ with $k(B) = 2$. These correspond to the cases when the block i

Jeremiah W. Murphy, Rubab Khan, Benjamin Williams, Andrew E. Dolphin

The failed supernova N6946-BH1 likely formed a black hole (BH); we age-date the surrounding population and infer an age and initial mass for the progenitor of this BH formation candidate. First, we use archival Hubble Space Telescope imaging to extract broadband photometry of the resolved stellar populations surrounding this event. Using this photometry, we

Chris Heinrich, Michael Levin

We derive a necessary and sufficient criterion for when a two dimensional gapped many-body system with Abelian anyons and a unitary $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry has a protected gapless edge mode. Our criterion is phrased in terms of edge theories --- or more specifically, chiral boson edge theories with $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry --- and it applies to any bosonic or

Pengfei Li, Federico Lelli, Stacy S. McGaugh, James M. Schombert

Galaxies follow a tight radial acceleration relation (RAR): the acceleration observed at every radius correlates with that expected from the distribution of baryons. We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to fit the mean RAR to 175 individual galaxies in the SPARC database, marginalizing over stellar mass-to-light ratio ($Υ_{\star}$), galaxy distance, an

Nicolas Bizot, Giacomo Cacciapaglia, Thomas Flacke

Many standard model extensions that address the hierarchy problem contain Dirac-fermion partners of the top quark, which are typically expected around the TeV scale. Searches for these vector-like quarks mostly focus on their decay into electroweak gauge bosons and Higgs plus a standard model quark. In this article, backed by models of composite Higgs, we pr

William Berdanier, Michael Kolodrubetz, S. A. Parameswaran, Romain Vasseur

We study transitions between distinct phases of one-dimensional periodically driven (Floquet) systems. We argue that these are generically controlled by infinite-randomness fixed points of a strong-disorder renormalization group procedure. Working in the fermionic representation of the prototypical Floquet Ising chain, we leverage infinite randomness physics

Kyoung-Whan Kim, Hyun-Woo Lee, Kyung-Jin Lee, Karin Everschor-Sitte

In metallic ferromagnets, the interaction between local magnetic moments and conduction electrons renormalizes parameters of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation such as the gyromagnetic ratio and the Gilbert damping, and makes them dependent on the magnetic configurations. Although the effects of the renormalization for nonchiral ferromagnets are usually mi

Alberto Diez-Tejedor, Francisco Flores, Gustavo Niz

Starting from the Gleyzes-Langlois-Piazza-Vernizzi action, we derive the most general effective theory that is invariant under internal shifts and a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ mirror symmetry in the scalar sector. Contrary to what one may think, this model presents a dark matter tracker previous to the dark energy domination. We show that, in an empty universe and to li

Itamar Kimchi, John P. Sheckelton, Tyrel M. McQueen, Patrick A. Lee

Recently measurements on various spin-1/2 quantum magnets such as H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$, LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$, ZnCu$_3$(OH)$_6$Cl$_2$ and 1T-TaS$_2$ -- all described by magnetic frustration and quenched disorder but with no other common relation -- nevertheless showed apparently universal scaling features at low temperature. In particular the heat capacity C[H,T

Hooman Davoudiasl, Gopolang Mohlabeng, Matthew Sullivan

We propose that neutrino masses can be zero $in ~vacuo$ and may be generated by the local distribution of dark matter through a feeble long range scalar force. We discuss potential phenomenological constraints and implications of this framework. Our model typically implies that the relic neutrino background left over from the Big Bang is mostly absent in our

Andrew Pontzen, Michael Tremmel

We present Tangos, a Python framework and web interface for database-driven analysis of numerical structure formation simulations. To understand the role that such a tool can play, consider constructing a history for the absolute magnitude of each galaxy within a simulation. The magnitudes must first be calculated for all halos at all timesteps and then link

G. B. Lansbury, M. E. Jarvis, C. M. Harrison, D. M. Alexander

We present the X-ray properties of the 'Teacup AGN' (SDSS J1430+1339), a $z=0.085$ type 2 quasar which is interacting dramatically with its host galaxy. Spectral modelling of the central quasar reveals a powerful, highly obscured AGN with a column density of $N_{\rm H}=(4.2$-$6.5)\times 10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$ and an intrinsic luminosity of $L_{\rm 2\mbox

Vadim A. Semenov, Andrey V. Kravtsov, Nickolay Y. Gnedin

Using a suite of isolated $L_\star$ galaxy simulations, we show that global depletion times and star-forming gas mass fractions in simulated galaxies exhibit systematic and well-defined trends as a function of the local star formation efficiency per freefall time, $ε_{\rm ff}$, strength of stellar feedback, and star formation threshold. We demonstrate that t

M. C. David Marsh, John D. Barrow, Chandrima Ganguly

We consider the robustness of small-field inflation in the presence of scalar field inhomogeneities. Previous numerical work has shown that if the scalar potential is flat only over a narrow interval, such as in commonly considered inflection-point models, even small-amplitude inhomogeneities present at the would-be onset of inflation at $τ= τ_i$ can disrupt

Thanard Kurutach, Ignasi Clavera, Yan Duan, Aviv Tamar

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) methods are succeeding in a growing number of tasks, aided by recent advances in deep learning. However, they tend to suffer from high sample complexity, which hinders their use in real-world domains. Alternatively, model-based reinforcement learning promises to reduce sample complexity, but tends to require careful tun

Dongdong Chen, Lu Yuan, Jing Liao, Nenghai Yu

This paper presents the first attempt at stereoscopic neural style transfer, which responds to the emerging demand for 3D movies or AR/VR. We start with a careful examination of applying existing monocular style transfer methods to left and right views of stereoscopic images separately. This reveals that the original disparity consistency cannot be well pres

Tobias Gergs, Sven Dirkmann, Thomas Mussenbrock

Resistive switching devices emerged a huge amount of interest as promising candidates for non-volatile memories as well as artificial synapses due to their memristive behavior. The main physical and chemical phenomena which define their functionality are driven by externally applied voltages, and the resulting electric fields. Although molecular dynamics sim

Bruno Bertini, Elena Tartaglia, Pasquale Calabrese

A typical working condition in the study of quantum quenches is that the initial state produces a distribution of quasiparticle excitations with an opposite-momentum-pair structure. In this work we investigate the dynamical and stationary properties of the entanglement entropy after a quench from initial states which do not have such structure: instead of pa

Rahul N. Chacko, Romain Mari, Michael E. Cates, Suzanne M. Fielding

It has recently been argued that steady-state vorticity bands cannot arise in shear thickening suspensions, because the normal stress imbalance across the interface between the bands will set up particle migrations. In this Letter, we develop a simple continuum model that couples shear thickening to particle migration. We show by linear stability analysis th

A. Bermúdez, S. Busto, M. Dumbser, J. L. Ferrín

In this article we present a novel staggered semi-implicit hybrid finite-volume/finite-element (FV/FE) method for the resolution of weakly compressible flows in two and three space dimensions. The pressure-based methodology introduced in Bermúdez et al. 2014 and Busto et al. 2018 for viscous incompressible flows is extended here to solve the compressible Nav

Bruno Langbehn, Katharina Sander, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Christian Peltz

A significant fraction of superfluid helium nanodroplets produced in a free-jet expansion have been observed to gain high angular momentum resulting in large centrifugal deformation. We measured single-shot diffraction patterns of individual rotating helium nanodroplets up to large scattering angles using intense extreme ultraviolet light pulses from the FER

Amir Ghasemian, Homa Hosseinmardi, Aaron Clauset

A common data mining task on networks is community detection, which seeks an unsupervised decomposition of a network into structural groups based on statistical regularities in the network's connectivity. Although many methods exist, the No Free Lunch theorem for community detection implies that each makes some kind of tradeoff, and no algorithm can be o

Elio J. König, Piers Coleman

We discuss the role of strong Coulomb interactions in iron-based superconductors (FeSCs). The presumed $s^{\pm}$ character of these superconductors means that the condensate is not symmetry protected against Coulomb repulsion. Remarkably, the transition temperatures and the excitation gap are quite robust across the large family of iron based superconductors

Elio J. König, Alexei M. Tsvelik, Piers Coleman

Motivated by the discovery of superconductivity in the two-leg, quasi-one dimensional ladder compound, BaFe$_2$S$_3$ we present a renormalization group study of electrons moving on a two leg, two orbital ladder, subjected to Hubbard repulsion $U$ and Hund's coupling $J$. In our calculations, we adopt tightbinding parameters obtained from ab-initio studie

Suparna Biswas, Shounak Ghosh, B. K. Guha, F. Rahaman

In the present work, we study about highly dense compact stars which are made of quarks, specially strange quarks, adopting the Krori-Barua (KB)~\cite{Krori1975} metric in the framework of $f(R,T)$ gravity. The equation of state (EOS) of a strange star can be represented by the MIT bag model as $p_r(r)=\frac{1}{3}[ρ(r)-4B_g]$ where $B_g$ is the bag constant,

Timothy Carpenter, Ilias Diakonikolas, Anastasios Sidiropoulos, Alistair Stewart

We study the problem of learning multivariate log-concave densities with respect to a global loss function. We obtain the first upper bound on the sample complexity of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for a log-concave density on $\mathbb{R}^d$, for all $d \geq 4$. Prior to this work, no finite sample upper bound was known for this estimator in more th

Fredrik Kjolstad, Willow Ahrens, Shoaib Kamil, Saman Amarasinghe

This paper shows how to optimize sparse tensor algebraic expressions by introducing temporary tensors, called workspaces, into the resulting loop nests. We develop a new intermediate language for tensor operations called concrete index notation that extends tensor index notation. Concrete index notation expresses when and where sub-computations occur and wha

Niels Lörch, Christoph Bruder, Nicolas Brunner, Patrick P. Hofer

The theory of quantum thermodynamics predicts fundamental bounds on work extraction from quantum states. As these bounds are derived in a very general and abstract setting, it is unclear how relevant they are in an experimental context, where control is typically limited. Here we address this question by showing that optimal work extraction is possible for a

Chloé-Agathe Azencott

Machine learning can have major societal impact in computational biology applications. In particular, it plays a central role in the development of precision medicine, whereby treatment is tailored to the clinical or genetic features of the patient. However, these advances require collecting and sharing among researchers large amounts of genomic data, which

Virginia A. Cúneo, Scott J. Kenyon, Mercedes N. Gómez, Drahomir Chochol

We analyze $\sim$32 years of optical spectra and photometry for the symbiotic binary PU Vul. Light curves for the He I $λ$4471, He II $λ$4686 and H$β$ $λ$4861 emission lines reveal an illumination effect, where the hot white dwarf ionizes the outflowing wind of the red giant, and evidence for an eccentric orbit with e $\approx$ 0.16. Along with the gradual a

Shubham Saha

It is well known that a polynomial $ϕ(X)\in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ of given degree $d$ factors into at most $d$ factors in $\mathbb{F}_p$ for any prime $p$. We prove in this paper the existence of infinitely many primes $q$ so that the given polynomial $ϕ$(X) splits into exactly $d$ linear factors in $\mathbb{F}_q$ by using only elementary results in field theory an

Eric G. Arrais, Diego A. Wisniacki, Lucas C. Céleri, Norton G. de Almeida

In the context of nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics, variables like work behave stochastically. A particular definition of the work probability density function (pdf) for coherent quantum processes allows the verification of the quantum version of the celebrated fluctuation theorems, due to Jarzynski and Crooks, that apply when the system is driven away

Jicong Fan, Tommy W. S. Chow

Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) can recover low-rank matrices when they are corrupted by sparse noises. In practice, many matrices are, however, of high-rank and hence cannot be recovered by RPCA. We propose a novel method called robust kernel principal component analysis (RKPCA) to decompose a partially corrupted matrix as a sparse matrix plus a

K. L. Vaninsky

We establish a new representation of the infinite hierarchy of Pois- son brackets (PB) for the open Toda lattice in terms of its spectral curve. For the classical Poisson bracket (PB) we give a representation in the form of a contour integral of some special Abelian differential (meromorphic one-form) on the spectral curve. All higher brackets of the infinit

Michaël Cadilhac, Olivier Carton, Charles Paperman

A word-to-word function is continuous for a class of languages~$\mathcal{V}$ if its inverse maps $\mathcal{V}$_languages to~$\mathcal{V}$. This notion provides a basis for an algebraic study of transducers, and was integral to the characterization of the sequential transducers computable in some circuit complexity classes. Here, we report on the decidability

Shiuan-Fan Liou, Zi-Xiang Hu, Kun Yang

We numerically investigate the quantum phases and phase transition in a system made of two species of fermionic atoms that interact with each other via $s$-wave Feshbach resonance, and are subject to rotation or a synthetic gauge field that puts the fermions at Landau level filling factor $ν_f = 2$. We show that the system undergoes a continuous quantum phas

Gauthier Gidel, Hugo Berard, Gaëtan Vignoud, Pascal Vincent

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) form a generative modeling approach known for producing appealing samples, but they are notably difficult to train. One common way to tackle this issue has been to propose new formulations of the GAN objective. Yet, surprisingly few studies have looked at optimization methods designed for this adversarial training. In t

Zheng Xie, Xiao Xiao, Jianping Li, Jinying Su

We profiled three aspects of MOOCs from the perspective of viewing behaviors, the most prominent and common ones of MOOC learning. They were learner classification, course attraction, teaching order and learning order. Based on viewing behavior data, we provided a non-parametric algorithm to categorize learners, which helped to narrow the scope of finding po

R. A. Bailey, Peter J. Cameron

We consider designs for cancer trials which allow each medical centre to treat only a limited number of cancer types with only a limited number of drugs. We specify desirable properties of these designs, and prove some consequences. Then we give several different constructions. Finally we generalise this to three or more types of object, such as biomarkers.

Maria d'Errico, Elena Facco, Alessandro Laio, Alex Rodriguez

Data analysis in high-dimensional spaces aims at obtaining a synthetic description of a data set, revealing its main structure and its salient features. We here introduce an approach providing this description in the form of a topography of the data, namely a human-readable chart of the probability density from which the data are harvested. The approach is b

Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

What are the functions of curiosity? What are the mechanisms of curiosity-driven learning? We approach these questions about the living using concepts and tools from machine learning and developmental robotics. We argue that curiosity-driven learning enables organisms to make discoveries to solve complex problems with rare or deceptive rewards. By fostering

C. Fleckenstein, N. Traverso Ziani, B. Trauzettel

Topological superconductors give rise to unconventional superconductivity, which is mainly characterized by the symmetry of the superconducting pairing amplitude. However, since the symmetry of the superconducting pairing amplitude is not directly observable, its experimental identification is rather difficult. In our work, we propose a system, composed of a

A. Hanusch, T. Liseykina, M. Malkov

Precise measurements of galactic cosmic rays revealed a significant difference between the rigidity spectral indices of protons and helium ions. This finding is a notable contrast to the commonly accepted theoretical prediction that supernova remnant (SNR) shocks accelerate protons and helium ions with the same rigidity alike. Most of the earlier explanation

Yan Gobeil, Alexander Maloney, Gim Seng Ng, Jie-qiang Wu

We study conformal blocks for thermal one-point-functions on the sphere in conformal field theories of general dimension. These thermal conformal blocks satisfy second order Casimir differential equations and have integral representations related to AdS Witten diagrams. We give an analytic formula for the scalar conformal block in terms of generalized hyperg

Koko Muroya, Dan R. Ghica

In implementing evaluation strategies of the lambda-calculus, both correctness and efficiency of implementation are valid concerns. While the notion of correctness is determined by the evaluation strategy, regarding efficiency there is a larger design space that can be explored, in particular the trade-off between space versus time efficiency. Aiming at a un

Riyadh Baghdadi, Jessica Ray, Malek Ben Romdhane, Emanuele Del Sozzo

High-performance DSL developers work hard to take advantage of modern hardware. The DSL compilers have to build their own complex middle-ends before they can target a common back-end such as LLVM, which only handles single instruction streams with SIMD instructions. We introduce Tiramisu, a common middle-end that can generate efficient code for modern proces

Caitlin Leverson, Dan Rutherford

We establish relationships between two classes of invariants of Legendrian knots in $\mathbb{R}^3$: Representation numbers of the Chekanov-Eliashberg DGA and satellite ruling polynomials. For positive permutation braids, $β\subset J^1S^1$, we give a precise formula in terms of representation numbers for the $m$-graded ruling polynomial $R^m_{S(K,β)}(z)$ of t

F. J. Gomez-Ruiz, J. J. Mendoza-Arenas, F. J. Rodriguez, C. Tejedor

In the present work we propose that two-time correlations of Majorana edge localized fermions constitute a novel and versatile toolbox for assessing the topological phases of 1D open lattices. Using analytical and numerical calculations on the Kitaev model, we uncover universal relationships between the decay of the short-time correlations and a particular f

Kyle Pratt, Nicolas Robles, Alexandru Zaharescu, Dirk Zeindler

The second moment of the Riemann zeta-function twisted by a normalized Dirichlet polynomial with coefficients of the form $(μ\star Λ_1^{\star k_1} \star Λ_2^{\star k_2} \star \cdots \star Λ_d^{\star k_d})$ is computed unconditionally by means of the autocorrelation of ratios of $ζ$ techniques from Conrey, Farmer, Keating, Rubinstein and Snaith (2005), Conrey

Takahiro Inayama

We investigate singular Hermitian metrics on vector bundles, especially strictly Griffiths positive ones. $L^2$ esitimates and vanishing theorems usually require an assumption that vector bundles are Nakano positive. However there is no general definition of the Nakano positivity in singular settings. In this paper, we show various $L^2$ estimates and vanish

Trisha Lawrence

The well-known Influence Maximization (IM) problem has been actively studied by researchers over the past decade, with emphasis on marketing and social networks. Existing research have obtained solutions to the IM problem by obtaining the influence spread and utilizing the property of submodularity. This paper is based on a novel approach to the IM problem g

Tobias Harks, Marc Schroder, Dries Vermeulen

We consider a network pricing game on a parallel network with congestion effects in which link owners set tolls for travel so as to maximize profit. A central authority is able to regulate this competition by means of a (uniform) price cap. The first question we want to answer is how such a cap should be designed in order to minimize the total congestion. We

Marie Chupeau, Sergio Ciliberto, David Guéry-Odelin, Emmanuel Trizac

We propose a general framework to study transformations that drive an underdamped Brownian particle in contact with a thermal bath from an equilibrium state to a new one in an arbitrarily short time. To this end, we make use of a time and space-dependent potential, that plays a dual role: confine the particle, and manipulate the system. In the special case o

Javier Cilleruelo, Oriol Serra, Maximilian Wötzel

A family ${\mathcal A}$ of $k$-subsets of $\{1,2,\dots, N\}$ is a Sidon system if the sumsets $A+B$, $A,B\in \mathcal{A}$ are pairwise distinct. We show that the largest cardinality $F_k(N)$ of a Sidon system of $k$-subsets of $[N]$ satisfies $F_k(N)\le {N-1\choose k-1}+N-k$ and the asymptotic lower bound $F_k(N)=Ω_k(N^{k-1})$. More precise bounds on $F_k(N)

Mohammad M. Sultan, Vijay S. Pande

Selection of appropriate collective variables for enhancing sampling of molecular simulations remains an unsolved problem in computational biophysics. In particular, picking initial collective variables (CVs) is particularly challenging in higher dimensions. Which atomic coordinates or transforms there of from a list of thousands should one pick for enhanced