April 2018 arXiv papers

Nandeesh Hiremath, Dhwanil Shukla, Narayanan Komerath

When a rotor blade encounters reverse flow in edgewise flight at high advance ratio, a strong vortical structure forms on the leeside of the sharp blade edge. This has unexpected effects on blade aerodynamics. A differential onset velocity gradient due to rotor rotation creates an envelope of reverse flow extending from the hub. A Sharp Edge Vortex (SEV) is

Olivier Rozier

In this paper, we consider the one-to-one correspondence between a 2-adic integer and its parity sequence under iteration of the so-called "3x+1" map. First, we prove a new formula for the inverse transform. Next, we briefly review what is known about the induced automorphism and study its dynamics on the 2-adic integers. We find that it is ergodic o

Andrew Hassell, Adam Sikora

We consider a class of manifolds $\mathcal{M}$ obtained by taking the connected sum of a finite number of $N$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds of the form $(\mathbb{R}^{n_i}, δ) \times (\mathcal{M}_i, g)$, where $\mathcal{M}_i$ is a compact manifold, with the product metric. The case of greatest interest is when the Euclidean dimensions $n_i$ are not all equ

Gebhard Boeckle, David-A. Guiraud, Sudesh Kalyanswamy, Chandrashekhar Khare

We consider questions in Galois cohomology which arise by considering mod $p$ Galois representations arising from automorphic forms. We consider a Galois cohomological analog for the standard heuristics about the distribution of Wieferich primes, i.e. prime $p$ such that $2^{p-1}$ is 1 mod $p^2$. Our analog relates to asking if in a compatible system of Galo

Jason P. Allmaras, Alexander G. Kozorezov, Boris A. Korzh, Karl K. Berggren

We analyze the origin of the intrinsic timing jitter in superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) in terms of fluctuations in the latency of the detector response, which is determined by the microscopic physics of the photon detection process. We demonstrate that fluctuations in the physical parameters which determine the latency give rise to

Y. Tanaka, H. Yamamori, T. Yanagisawa, T. Nishio

An ultrathin superconducting bilayer creates a coreless fractional vortex when only the second layer has a hole. The quantization is broken by the hole, and the normal core disappears. The magnetic flux is no longer confined near the normal core, and its density profile around the hole becomes similar to that of a crème caramel; the divergence of the magneti

Daniel Bruder, Audrey Sedal, Ram Vasudevan, C. David Remy

The compliant structure of soft robotic systems enables a variety of novel capabilities in comparison to traditional rigid-bodied robots. A subclass of soft fluid-driven actuators known as fiber reinforced elastomeric enclosures (FREEs) is particularly well suited as actuators for these types of systems. FREEs are inherently soft and can impart spatial force

Nitsan Bar, Diego Blas, Kfir Blum, Sergey Sibiryakov

Bosonic ultra-light dark matter (ULDM) would form cored density distributions at the center of galaxies. These cores, seen in numerical simulations, admit analytic description as the lowest energy bound state solution ("soliton") of the Schroedinger-Poisson equations. Numerical simulations of ULDM galactic halos found empirical scaling relations betw

Juan Arévalo, Juan Ramón Duque, Marco Creatura

Latent factor models for Recommender Systems with implicit feedback typically treat unobserved user-item interactions (i.e. missing information) as negative feedback. This is frequently done either through negative sampling (point--wise loss) or with a ranking loss function (pair-- or list--wise estimation). Since a zero preference recommendation is a valid

Constantine Vitt, Darinka Dentcheva, Hui Xiong

We develop a new approach to solving classification problems, which is bases on the theory of coherent measures of risk and risk sharing ideas. The proposed approach aims at designing a risk-averse classifier. The new approach allows for associating distinct risk functional to each classes. The risk may be measured by different (non-linear in probability) me

Manav Vohra, Ali Yousefzadi Nobakht, Seungha Shin, Sankaran Mahadevan

Bulk thermal conductivity estimates based on predictions from non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) using the so-called direct method are known to be severely under-predicted since finite simulation length-scales are unable to mimic bulk transport. Moreover, subjecting the system to a temperature gradient by means of thermostatting tends to impact phonon

Yurii Averboukh

The paper is concerned with the dependence of the solution of the deterministic mean field game on the initial distribution of players. The main object of study is the mapping which assigns to the initial time and the initial distribution of players the set of expected rewards of the representative player corresponding to solutions of mean field game. This m

Waipot Ngamsaad, Suthep Suantai

In this study, we investigate a porous medium-type flux limited reaction--diffusion equation that arises in morphogenesis modeling. This nonlinear partial differential equation is an extension of the generalized Fisher--Kolmogorov--Petrovsky--Piskunov (Fisher-KPP) equation in one-dimensional space. The approximate analytical traveling wave solution is found

Patrick Rebentrost, Brajesh Gupt, Thomas R. Bromley

Financial derivatives are contracts that can have a complex payoff dependent upon underlying benchmark assets. In this work, we present a quantum algorithm for the Monte Carlo pricing of financial derivatives. We show how the relevant probability distributions can be prepared in quantum superposition, the payoff functions can be implemented via quantum circu

Seokho Kang, Kyunghyun Cho

Although machine learning has been successfully used to propose novel molecules that satisfy desired properties, it is still challenging to explore a large chemical space efficiently. In this paper, we present a conditional molecular design method that facilitates generating new molecules with desired properties. The proposed model, which simultaneously perf

Saeed Ranjbar Alvar, Ivan V. Bajić

Object tracking is the cornerstone of many visual analytics systems. While considerable progress has been made in this area in recent years, robust, efficient, and accurate tracking in real-world video remains a challenge. In this paper, we present a hybrid tracker that leverages motion information from the compressed video stream and a general-purpose seman

Jake P. Solomon, Misha Verbitsky

Let $(M,I,J,K,g)$ be a hyperkähler manifold. Then the complex manifold $(M,I)$ is holomorphic symplectic. We prove that for all real $x, y,$ with $x^2 + y^2 = 1$ except countably many, any finite energy $(xJ+yK)$-holomorphic curve with boundary in a collection of $I$-holomorphic Lagrangians must be constant. By an argument based on the Lojasiewicz inequality

Guntars Kitenbergs, Andrejs Tatuļčenkovs, Lāsma Puķina, Andrejs Cēbers

Mixing remains an important problem for development of successful microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices, where simple and predictable systems are particularly interesting. One is magnetic micro-convection, an instability happening on the interface of miscible magnetic and non-magnetic fluids in a Hele-Shaw cell under applied field. Previous work proved that

Kaitlyn Garifi, Kyri Baker, Dane Christensen, Behrouz Touri

In this paper we provide non-simultaneous charging and discharging guarantees for a linear energy storage system (ESS) model for a model predictive control (MPC) based home energy management system (HEMS) algorithm. The HEMS optimally controls the residential load and residentially-owned power sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) power generation and energy st

Kristian Finlator, Laura Keating, Benjamin D. Oppenheimer, Romeel Davé

We present the Technicolor Dawn simulations, a suite of cosmological radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of the first 1.2 billion years. By modeling a spatially-inhomogeneous UVB on-the-fly with 24 frequencies and resolving dark matter halos down to $10^8 M_\odot$ within 12 $h^{-1}$ Mpc volumes, our simulations unify observations of the intergalactic and circ

Petr Kravchuk, David Simmons-Duffin

We argue that every CFT contains light-ray operators labeled by a continuous spin J. When J is a positive integer, light-ray operators become integrals of local operators over a null line. However for non-integer J, light-ray operators are genuinely nonlocal and give the analytic continuation of CFT data in spin described by Caron-Huot. A key role in our con

Vivien Parmentier, Mike R. Line, Jacob L. Bean, Megan Mansfield

A new class of exoplanets has emerged: the ultra hot Jupiters, the hottest close-in gas giants. Most of them have weaker than expected spectral features in the $1.1-1.7μm$ bandpass probed by HST/WFC3 but stronger spectral features at longer wavelengths probed by Spitzer. This led previous authors to puzzling conclusions about the thermal structures and chemi

Roopendra Singh Rajawat, Sudip Sengupta, Nikhil Chakrabarti

Nonlinear stationary structures formed in a cold plasma with immobile ions in the presence of a relativistic electron current beam have been investigated analytically in the collisionless limit. These are cold plasma version of the relativistic Berstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) waves. The structure profile is governed by the ratio of maximum electrostatic field

Furkan Alaca, Paul C. van Oorschot

We perform a comprehensive analysis and comparison of 14 web single sign-on (SSO) systems proposed and/or deployed over the last decade, including federated identity and credential/password management schemes. We identify common design properties and use them to develop a taxonomy for SSO schemes, highlighting the associated trade-offs in benefits (positive

Thorsten Kleinjung, Benjamin Wesolowski

A new proof is given for the correctness of the powers of two descent method for computing discrete logarithms. The result is slightly stronger than the original work, but more importantly we provide a unified geometric argument, eliminating the need to analyse all possible subgroups of $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb F_q)$. Our approach sheds new light on the role

Tushar Kanta Naik

Let $P(G)$ denotes the set of sizes of fibers of non-trivial commutators of the commutator word map. Here, we prove that $|P(G)|=1$, for any finite group $G$ of nilpotency class $3$ with exactlly two conjugacy class sizes. We also show that for given $n\geq 1$, there exists a finite group $G$ of nilpotency class $2$ with exactlly two conjugacy class sizes su

Youcheng Sun, Min Wu, Wenjie Ruan, Xiaowei Huang

Concolic testing combines program execution and symbolic analysis to explore the execution paths of a software program. This paper presents the first concolic testing approach for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). More specifically, we formalise coverage criteria for DNNs that have been studied in the literature, and then develop a coherent method for performing

Frank T. M. Nguyen, Michael D. Graham

Trajectories and conformations of uni- and multiflagellar bacteria are studied with a coarse-grained model of a cell comprised of elastic flagella connected to a cell body. The elasticities of both the hook protein (connecting cell body and flagellum) and flagella are varied. Flexibility plays contrasting roles for uni- and multiflagellar swimmers. For a uni

Katarzyna Macieszczak, Emanuele Levi, Tommaso Macrì, Igor Lesanovsky

While the scaling of entanglement in a quantum system can be used to distinguish many-body quantum phases, it is usually hard to quantify the amount of entanglement in mixed states of open quantum systems, while measuring entanglement experimentally, even for the closed systems, requires in general quantum state tomography. In this work we show how to remedy

Viktor Eisler, Ingo Peschel

We study the entanglement Hamiltonian for fermionic hopping models on rings and open chains and determine single-particle spectra, eigenfunctions and the form in real space. For the chain, we find a commuting operator as for the ring and compare with its properties in both cases. In particular, a scaling relation between the eigenvalues is found for large sy

Aneesh Mundayadan, Jaydeb Sarkar

Complementing earlier results on dynamics of unilateral weighted shifts, we obtain a sufficient (but not necessary, with supporting examples) condition for hypercyclicity, mixing and chaos for $M_z^*$, the adjoint of $M_z$, on vector-valued analytic reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces $\mathcal{H}$ in terms of the derivatives of kernel functions on the open un

N. H. Bingham, A. J. Ostaszewski

Motivated by a Steinhaus-like interior-point property involving the Cameron-Martin space of Gaussian measure theory, we study a group-theoretic analogue, the Steinhaus triple $(H,G,μ)$, and construct a Steinhaus support, a Cameron-Martin-like subset, $H(μ)$ in any Polish group $G$ corresponding to `sufficiently subcontinuous' measures $μ$, in particular

Sandro Bettin, Giuseppe Molteni, Carlo Sanna

Given a real number $τ$, we study the approximation of $τ$ by signed harmonic sums $σ_N(τ) := \sum_{n \leq N}{s_n(τ)}/n$, where the sequence of signs $(s_N(τ))_{N \in\mathbb{N}}$ is defined "greedily" by setting $s_{N+1}(τ) := +1$ if $σ_N(τ) \leq τ$, and $s_{N+1}(τ) := -1$ otherwise. Precisely, we compute the limit points and the decay rate of the se

Long Cheng, Ke Tian, Danfeng Yao, Lui Sha

Securing cyber-physical systems (CPS) against malicious attacks is of paramount importance because these attacks may cause irreparable damages to physical systems. Recent studies have revealed that control programs running on CPS devices suffer from both control-oriented attacks (e.g., code-injection or code-reuse attacks) and data-oriented attacks (e.g., no

Chen-Kai Qiao, Hsin-Chang Chi, Ming-Chien Hsu, Xu-Gen Zheng

Photoionization cross section $σ_{nκ}$, asymmetry parameter $β_{nκ}$, and polarization parameters $ξ_{nκ}$, $η_{nκ}$, $ζ_{nκ}$ of Xe and Rn are calculated in the fully relativistic formalism. To deal with the relativistic and correlation effects, we adopt the relativistic random-phase theory with channel couplings among different subshells. Energy ranges for

Gorazd Cvetic, Arindam Das, Jilberto Zamora-Saa

In this work, we study the lepton number violating W boson and top quark decays via intermediate on-shell Majorana neutrinos Nj into three charged leptons and a light neutrino. We discuss the neutrino oscillation effects present in the decay due to the small mass gap between the heavy neutrino states. We focus on a scenario that contains at least two heavy M

Junqiu Liu, Arslan S. Raja, Maxim Karpov, Bahareh Ghadiani

The generation of dissipative Kerr solitons in optical microresonators has provided a route to compact frequency combs of high repetition rate, which have already been employed for optical frequency synthesizers, ultrafast ranging, coherent telecommunication and dual-comb spectroscopy. Silicon nitride (Si$_3$N$_4$) microresonators are promising for photonic

Kristina Sojakova, Patricia Johann

Reynolds' original theory of relational parametricity was intended to capture the idea that polymorphically typed System F programs preserve all relations between inputs. But as Reynolds himself later showed, his theory can only be formalized in a meta-theory with an impredicative universe, such as the Calculus of Inductive Constructions. Abstracting fro

Mustafa Mert Torunbalci, Pramey Upadhyaya, Sunil A. Bhave, Kerem Y. Camsari

This paper describes a robust, modular, and physics- based circuit framework to model conventional and emerging Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) devices. Magnetization dynamics are described by the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (sLLG) equation whose results are rigorously benchmarked with a Fokker-Planck Equation (FPE) description of magnet dynamics. We t

Aman Agarwal, Kenta Takatsu, Ivan Zaitsev, Thorsten Joachims

Implicit feedback (e.g., click, dwell time) is an attractive source of training data for Learning-to-Rank, but its naive use leads to learning results that are distorted by presentation bias. For the special case of optimizing average rank for linear ranking functions, however, the recently developed SVM-PropRank method has shown that counterfactual inferenc

Pierre L. Dognin, Igor Melnyk, Youssef Mroueh, Jarret Ross

In this paper we study image captioning as a conditional GAN training, proposing both a context-aware LSTM captioner and co-attentive discriminator, which enforces semantic alignment between images and captions. We empirically focus on the viability of two training methods: Self-critical Sequence Training (SCST) and Gumbel Straight-Through (ST) and demonstra

Oscar Rosas-Ortiz, Sara Cruz y Cruz

Bright and dark solitons of the cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation are used to construct complex-valued potentials with all-real spectrum. The real part of these potentials is equal to the intensity of a bright soliton while their imaginary part is defined by the product of such soliton with its concomitant, a dark soliton. Considering light propagation in

Antonio Rubio-Abadal, Jae-yoon Choi, Johannes Zeiher, Simon Hollerith

Closed generic quantum many-body systems may fail to thermalize under certain conditions even after long times, a phenomenon called many-body localization (MBL). Numerous studies support the stability of the MBL phase in strongly disordered one-dimensional systems. However, the situation is much less clear when a small part of the system is ergodic, a scenar

Johannes Hauschild, Frank Pollmann

Tensor product state (TPS) based methods are powerful tools to efficiently simulate quantum many-body systems in and out of equilibrium. In particular, the one-dimensional matrix-product (MPS) formalism is by now an established tool in condensed matter theory and quantum chemistry. In these lecture notes, we combine a compact review of basic TPS concepts wit

Fengyou Sun, Yuming Jiang

This paper aims to initiate the research on dependence control, which transforms the dependence structure of a stochastic process in the system through dependence manipulation, to improve the system performance. Specifically, we develop a dependence control theory for wireless channels, focusing on three principles in dependence control: (i) the asymptotic d

Oriol Artime, Nagi Khalil, Raul Toral, Maxi San Miguel

We present an analytical framework to study the first-passage (FP) and first-return (FR) distributions for the broad family of models described by the one-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation in finite domains, identifying general properties of these distributions for different classes of models. When in the Fokker-Planck equation the diffusion coefficient is

Justin Feng, Mark Baumann, Bryton Hall, Joel Doss

In this paper, we introduce PoMiN, a lightweight $N$-body code based on the post-Minkowskian $N$-body Hamiltonian of Ledvinka et. al., which includes general relativistic effects up to first order in Newton's constant $G$, and all orders in the speed of light $c$. PoMiN is written in C and uses a fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. PoMiN has als

R. Poleski, B. S. Gaudi, A. Udalski, M. K. Szymanski

We analyze the microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0173, which shows a small perturbation at the end of the microlensing event caused by the primary lens. We consider both binary lens and binary source models and we explore their degeneracies, some of which have not previously been recognized. There are two families of binary lens solutions, one with a mass rat

Yuma Mizuno

For any quiver mutation sequence, we define a pair of matrices that describe a fixed point equation of a cluster transformation determined from the mutation sequence. We give an explicit relationship between this pair of matrices and the Jacobian matrix of the cluster transformation. Furthermore, we show that this relationship reduces to a relationship betwe

V. Ghirardini, D. Eckert, S. Ettori, E. Pointecouteau

The hot plasma in galaxy clusters is expected to be heated to high temperatures through shocks and adiabatic compression. The thermodynamical properties of the gas encode information on the processes leading to the thermalization of the gas in the cluster's potential well as well as non-gravitational processes such as gas cooling, AGN feedback and kineti

Anis Elgabli, Vaneet Aggarwal, Shuai Hao, Feng Qian

Video streaming today accounts for up to 55\% of mobile traffic. In this paper, we explore streaming videos encoded using Scalable Video Coding scheme (SVC) over highly variable bandwidth conditions such as cellular networks. SVC's unique encoding scheme allows the quality of a video chunk to change incrementally, making it more flexible and adaptive to

T. McClintock, T. N. Varga, D. Gruen, E. Rozo

We constrain the mass--richness scaling relation of redMaPPer galaxy clusters identified in the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data using weak gravitational lensing. We split clusters into $4\times3$ bins of richness $λ$ and redshift $z$ for $λ\geq20$ and $0.2 \leq z \leq 0.65$ and measure the mean masses of these bins using their stacked weak lensing signal. By

Saroj Adhikari, Anne-Sylvie Deutsch, Sarah Shandera

We study statistical anisotropies generated in the observed two-point function of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations if the primordial statistics are non-Gaussian. Focusing on the dipole modulations of the anisotropies, we find that the hemispherical power asymmetry observed in the CMB temperature fluctuations can be modeled by a local-type t

S. Ettori, V. Ghirardini, D. Eckert, E. Pointecouteau

We present the reconstruction of hydrostatic mass profiles in 13 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters that have been mapped in their X-ray and SZ signal out to $R_{200}$ for the XMM-Newton Cluster Outskirts Project (X-COP). Using profiles of the gas temperature, density and pressure that have been spatially resolved out to (median value) 0.9 $R_{500}$, 1.8 $R_{500

D. Eckert, V. Ghirardini, S. Ettori, E. Rasia

Galaxy clusters are the endpoints of structure formation and are continuously growing through the merging and accretion of smaller structures. Numerical simulations predict that a fraction of their energy content is not yet thermalized, mainly in the form of kinetic motions (turbulence, bulk motions). Measuring the level of non-thermal pressure support is ne

Punyakoti Ganeshaiah Veena, Marius Cautun, Rien van de Weygaert, Elmo Tempel

We investigate the alignment of haloes with the filaments of the cosmic web using an unprecedently large sample of dark matter haloes taken from the P-Millennium $Λ$CDM cosmological N-body simulation. We use the state-of-the-art NEXUS morphological formalism which, due to its multiscale nature, simultaneously identifies structures at all scales. We find stro

Xueda Wen, Jie-Qiang Wu

Given a $generic$ two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT), we propose an analytically solvable setup to study the Floquet dynamics of the CFT, i.e., the dynamics of a CFT subject to a periodic driving. A complete phase diagram in the parameter space can be analytically obtained within our setup. We find two phases: the heating phase and the non-heating

Alastair King, Yu Qiu

We introduce the cluster exchange groupoid associated to a non-degenerate quiver with potential, as an enhancement of the cluster exchange graph. In the case that arises from an (unpunctured) marked surface, where the exchange graph is modelled on the graph of triangulations of the marked surface, we show that the universal cover of this groupoid can be cons

Laura Kreidberg, Michael R. Line, Vivien Parmentier, Kevin B. Stevenson

We present thermal phase curve measurements for the hot Jupiter WASP-103b observed with Hubble/WFC3 and Spitzer/IRAC. The phase curves have large amplitudes and negligible hotspot offsets, indicative of poor heat redistribution to the nightside. We fit the phase variation with a range of climate maps and find that a spherical harmonics model generally provid

Milena Valentini, Alessandro Bressan, Stefano Borgani, Giuseppe Murante

State-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations have star particles with typical mass between $\sim 10^8$ and $\sim 10^3$ M$_{\odot}$ according to resolution, and treat them as simple stellar populations. On the other hand, observations in nearby galaxies resolve individual stars and provide us with single star properties. An accurate and fair compa

Ana Marta Pinho, Santiago Casas, Luca Amendola

In this work, we use recent data on the Hubble expansion rate $H(z)$, the quantity $fσ_8(z)$ from redshift space distortions and the statistic $E_g$ from clustering and lensing observables to constrain in a model-independent way the linear anisotropic stress parameter $η$. This estimate is free of assumptions about initial conditions, bias, the abundance of

Hideki Maeda, Robert Svarc, Jiri Podolsky

Critical gravity is a quadratic curvature gravity in four dimensions which is ghost-free around the AdS background. Constructing a Vaidya-type exact solution, we show that the area of a black hole defined by a future outer trapping horizon can shrink by injecting a charged null fluid with positive energy density, so that a black hole is no more a one-way mem

Gijs D. Mulders

Exoplanets around different types of stars provide a window into the diverse environments in which planets form. This chapter describes the observed relations between exoplanet populations and stellar properties and how they connect to planet formation in protoplanetary disks. Giant planets occur more frequently around more metal-rich and more massive stars.

Aurel Schneider

Any particle dark matter (DM) scenario featuring a suppressed power spectrum of astrophysical relevance results in a delay of galaxy formation. As a consequence, such scenarios can be constrained using the global 21-cm absorption signal initiated by the UV radiation of the first stars. The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGE

Johann Brehmer, Kyle Cranmer, Gilles Louppe, Juan Pavez

We develop, discuss, and compare several inference techniques to constrain theory parameters in collider experiments. By harnessing the latent-space structure of particle physics processes, we extract extra information from the simulator. This augmented data can be used to train neural networks that precisely estimate the likelihood ratio. The new methods sc

Michael Buchhold, Sebastian Diehl, Alexander Altland

The Brillouin zone of the clean Weyl semimetal contains points at which the density of states (DoS) vanishes. Previous work suggested that below a certain critical concentration of impurities this features is preserved including in the presence of disorder. This result got criticized for its neglect of rare disorder fluctuations which might bind quantum stat

Rachel L. Theios, Charles C. Steidel, Allison L. Strom, Gwen C. Rudie

We present a detailed analysis of 317 $2.0 \leq z \leq 2.7$ star-forming galaxies from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS). Using complementary spectroscopic observations with Keck/LRIS and Keck/MOSFIRE, as well as spectral energy distribution (SED) fits to broadband photometry, we examine the joint rest-UV and rest-optical properties of the same galax

Tao Han, Satyanarayan Mukhopadhyay, Xing Wang

In a large class of scenarios, dark matter (DM) particles that belong to a multiplet of the standard model (SM) weak interactions are challenging to probe in direct detection experiments due to loop-suppressed cross-sections. Direct production at colliders is thus crucial to look for such DM candidates, and under current estimates, future runs of the 14-TeV

Johann Brehmer, Kyle Cranmer, Gilles Louppe, Juan Pavez

We present powerful new analysis techniques to constrain effective field theories at the LHC. By leveraging the structure of particle physics processes, we extract extra information from Monte-Carlo simulations, which can be used to train neural network models that estimate the likelihood ratio. These methods scale well to processes with many observables and

J. M. Diederik Kruijssen, Andreas Schruba, Alexander P. S. Hygate, Chia-Yu Hu

The cloud-scale physics of star formation and feedback represent the main uncertainty in galaxy formation studies. Progress is hampered by the limited empirical constraints outside the restricted environment of the Local Group. In particular, the poorly-quantified time evolution of the molecular cloud lifecycle, star formation, and feedback obstructs robust

Sebastian Franco, Eduardo García-Valdecasas, Angel Uranga

We study D-brane instantons in systems of D3-branes at toric CY 3-fold singularities. The instanton effect can be described as a backreaction modifying the geometry of the mirror configuration, in which the breaking of $U(1)$ symmetries by the instanton translates into the recombination of gauge D-branes, which also directly generates the instanton-induced c

Subo Dong, Boaz Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier, Doron Kushnir

We present nebular-phase spectra of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2016brx, a member of the 1991bg-like subclass that lies at the faint end of the SN Ia luminosity function. Nebular spectra are available for only three other 1991bg-like SNe, and their Co line centers are all within <~ 500 km/s of each other. In contrast, the nebular Co line center of SN 2016b

Chandan Setty, Kridsanaphong Limtragool, Byron Freelon, Philip W. Phillips

We propose a theoretical framework for the detection of order parameter fluctuations in three dimensions using ultrafast coherent phonon spectroscopy. We focus our attention on long wavelength charge density fluctuations (plasmons), and charged nematic fluctuations where the direction of the propagation vector is fixed perpendicular to the plane of anisotrop

Poshak Gandhi, Anjali Rao, Michael A. C. Johnson, John A. Paice

We report on a first census of Galactic black hole X-ray binary (BHXRB) properties with the second data release (DR2) of {\em Gaia}, focusing on dynamically confirmed and strong candidate black hole transients. DR2 provides five-parameter astrometric solutions including position, parallax and proper motion for 11 of a sample of 24 systems. Distance estimates

Laura L. Watkins, Roeland P. van der Marel, Sangmo Tony Sohn, N. Wyn Evans

We estimate the mass of the Milky Way (MW) within 21.1 kpc using the kinematics of halo globular clusters (GCs) determined by Gaia. The second Gaia data release (DR2) contained a catalogue of absolute proper motions (PMs) for a set of Galactic GCs and satellite galaxies measured using Gaia DR2 data. We select from the catalogue only halo GCs, identifying a t

Helmer H. Koppelman, Amina Helmi, Jovan Veljanoski

We explore the phase-space structure of nearby halo stars identified kinematically from Gaia DR2 data. We focus on their distribution in velocity and in &#34;integrals of motion&#34; space as well as on their photometric properties. Our sample of stars selected to be moving at a relative velocity of at least 210 km/s with respect to the Local Standard of Res

Yanan Hu, Zejun Huang

The independence number of a square matrix $A$, denoted by $α(A)$, is the maximum order of its principal zero submatrices. Let $S_n^{+}$ be the set of $n\times n$ nonnegative symmetric matrices with zero trace. Denote by $J_n$ the $n\times n$ matrix with all entries equal to one. Given any integer $n$, we prove that a linear map $ϕ: S_n^+\rightarrow S_n^+$ s

Siye Wu

We consider the reduction along two compact directions of a twisted N=4 gauge theory on a 4-dimensional orientable manifold which is not a global product of two surfaces but contains a non-orientable surface. The low energy theory is a sigma-model on a 2-dimensional worldsheet with a boundary which lives on branes constructed from the Hitchin moduli space of

Jonathan Bartlett, Logan Gaastra, David Nemati

Treating divergent series properly has been an ongoing issue in mathematics. However, many of the problems in divergent series stem from the fact that divergent series were discovered prior to having a number system which could handle them. The infinities that resulted from divergent series led to contradictions within the real number system, but these contr

Adnan Aijaz, Parag Kulkarni

Ever since the feasibility of in-band full-duplex (FD) at the Physical (PHY) layer has been established, several studies have emerged investigating protocol aspects of enabling FD operation in various legacy wireless technologies. Recently, the adoption of a simultaneous transmit and receive (STR) mode for next generation wireless local area networks (WLANs)

László Erdős, Torben Krüger, Yuriy Nemish

We consider general self-adjoint polynomials in several independent random matrices whose entries are centered and have the same variance. We show that under certain conditions the local law holds up to the optimal scale, i.e., the eigenvalue density on scales just above the eigenvalue spacing follows the global density of states which is determined by free

Khyati Malhan, Rodrigo A. Ibata, Nicolas F. Martin

We present a panoramic map of the stellar streams of the Milky Way based upon astrometric and photometric measurements from the Gaia DR2 catalogue. In this first contribution, we concentrate on the halo at heliocentric distances beyond 5 kpc, and at Galactic latitudes $|b|>30°$, using the STREAMFINDER algorithm to detect structures along plausible orbits tha

Gionni Marchetti

We compare the magnitudes of the single-particle relaxation time accurately computed by the variable phase approach are with those computed in the first Born approximation for doped semiconductors such as Si and GaAs, assuming that the Coulomb impurities are randomly distributed centers. We find that for typical dopant concentrations in Si the Born approxima

Bithika Karmakar, Aritra Bandyopadhyay, Najmul Haque, Munshi G Mustafa

Based on transversality condition of gauge boson self-energy we have systematically constructed the general structure of the gauge boson two-point functions using four linearly independent basis tensors in presence of a nontrivial background, i.e., hot magnetized material medium. The hard thermal loop approximation has been used for the heat bath to compute

Swanand Khanapurkar, Abhinav Varma, Nehal Mittal, Navya Gupta

We formulate the Einstein-Cartan-Dirac equations in the Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism, thereby presenting a more accurate and explicit analysis of previous such studies. The equations show in a transparent way how the Einstein-Dirac equations are modified by the inclusion of torsion. In particular, the Hehl-Datta equation is presented in NP notation. We then

Shi-Ping He, Ying-nan Mao, Chen Zhang, Shou-hua Zhu

We re-analyze the $ZHη$-vertex with the form $Z_μ(η\partial^μH-H\partial^μη)$, where $H$ is the 125 GeV Higgs boson and $η$ is an exotic pseudo-axion, based on the effective field theory (EFT) analysis and choose the simplest little Higgs (SLH) model as an example. For a pure gauge singlet pseudoscalar $η$, after carefully removing all off-diagonal two-point

Ruisheng Qi, Xiaojie Wang

Strong approximation errors of both finite element semi-discretization and spatio-temporal full discretization are analyzed for the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation driven by additive noise in space dimension $d \leq 3$. The full discretization is realized by combining the standard finite element method with the backward Euler time-stepping scheme. Distinct fr

Vojtech Havlicek, Antonio D. Córcoles, Kristan Temme, Aram W. Harrow

Machine learning and quantum computing are two technologies each with the potential for altering how computation is performed to address previously untenable problems. Kernel methods for machine learning are ubiquitous for pattern recognition, with support vector machines (SVMs) being the most well-known method for classification problems. However, there are

A Gatto, W R Graham

Landing-gear noise is an increasing issue for transport aircraft. A key determinant of the phenomenon is the surface pressure field. Previous studies have described this field when the oncoming flow is perfectly aligned with the gear. In practice, there may be a cross-flow component; here its influence is investigated experimentally for a generic, two-wheel,

Arkadiusz Kosior, Maciej Lewenstein, Alessio Celi

The Unruh effect is a quantum relativistic effect where the accelerated observer perceives the vacuum as a thermal state. Here we propose the experimental realization of the Unruh effect for interacting ultracold fermions in optical lattices by a sudden quench resulting in vacuum acceleration with varying interactions strengths in the real temperature backgr

S. Zeng, I. Jiménez-Serra, V. M. Rivilla, S. Martín

We present an unbiased spectral line survey toward the Galactic Centre (GC) quiescent giant molecular cloud (QGMC), G+0.693 using the GBT and IRAM 30$\,$ telescopes. Our study highlights an extremely rich organic inventory of abundant amounts of nitrogen (N)-bearing species in a source without signatures of star formation. We report the detection of 17 N-bea

D. K. Papoulias, R. Sahu, T. S. Kosmas, V. K. B. Kota

Event detection rates for WIMP-nucleus interactions are calculated for $^{71}$Ga, $^{73}$Ge, $^{75}$As and $^{127}$I (direct dark matter detectors). The nuclear structure form factors, that are rather independent of the underlying beyond the Standard Model particle physics scenario assumed, are evaluated within the context of the deformed nuclear shell model

Brandon Alberts

For a fixed finite solvable group $G$ and number field $K$, we prove an upper bound for the number of $G$-extensions $L/K$ with restricted local behavior (at infinitely many places) and ${\rm inv}(L/K)<X$ for a general invariant $&#34;{\rm inv}&#34;$. When the invariant is given by the discriminant for a transitive embedding of a nilpotent group $G\subset S_

Idan Perl

A graph is called (edge)-SIT if for some probability measure on paths, the number of mutual edges in two independent paths has finite mean. We show that transience is equivalent to the property of (edge)-SIT.

C. Anastopoulos, Bei-Lok Hu

This is a comment on articles Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 240401 (2017) [arXiv:1707.06050] and Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 240402 (2017) [arXiv:1707.06036]. We argue that gravity-induced entanglement by Newtonian forces is agnostic to the quantum or classical nature of the gravitational true degrees of freedom.

Adrian Bazaga, Michal Pitonak

One of the hardest challenges of the current Big Data landscape is the lack of ability to process huge volumes of information in an acceptable time. The goal of this work, is to ascertain if it is useful to use typical Big Data tools to solve High Performance Computing problems, by exploring and comparing a distributed computing framework implemented on a co

Hao Wang, Jiahui Wang, Xin Yuan Thow, Sanghoon Lee

A new theory, named the Circuit-Probability theory, is proposed to unveil the secret of electrical nerve stimulation, essentially explain the nonlinear and resonant phenomena observed when neural and non-neural tissues are electrically stimulated. For the explanation of frequency dependent response, an inductor is involved in the neural circuit model. Furthe

Sumana Hatui, Vipul Kakkar, Manoj K. Yadav

In this article, we compute the Schur multiplier, non-abelian tensor square and exterior square of non-abelian $p$-groups of order $p^5$. As an application we determine the capability of groups of order $p^5$.

Michael Matheny, Jeff M. Phillips

We develop, analyze, implement, and compare new algorithms for creating $\varepsilon$-samples of range spaces defined by halfspaces which have size sub-quadratic in $1/\varepsilon$, and have runtime linear in the input size and near-quadratic in $1/\varepsilon$. The key to our solution is an efficient construction of partition trees. Despite not requiring an

Francesco Polizzi, Pietro Sabatino, Berardino Sciunzi

We study weak solutions to degenerate quasilinear elliptic equations, involving first order terms, in unbounded tubular domains. In particular we show that, under suitable hypotheses, the weak comparison principle holds if the domain is narrow enough.