arXiv papers from December 2019

Soheil Abbasloo, H. Jonathan Chao

What are the key properties that a network should have to provide bounded-delay guarantees for the packets? In this paper, we attempt to answer this question. To that end, we explore the theory of bounded-delay networks and provide the necessary and the sufficient conditions required to have deterministic bounded-delays in the network. We prove that as long

Yoh-ichi Mototake

Understanding complex systems with their reduced model is one of the central roles in scientific activities. Although physics has greatly been developed with the physical insights of physicists, it is sometimes challenging to build a reduced model of such complex systems on the basis of insights alone. We propose a novel framework that can infer the hidden c

Dmitri Scheglov

For any Lie group G a renormalization map R on the space of simple G-extensions of Interval Exchange Transformations is constructed. R is applied to prove weak mixing and cohomological non-equivalence of typical G-extensions over IETs, when G is a compact connected Lie group. This extends a result of Avila and Forni for U(1) to any compact connected Lie grou

A. Jarmola, I. Fescenko, V. M. Acosta, M. W. Doherty

Nuclear spin ensembles in diamond are promising candidates for quantum sensing applications, including rotation sensing. Here we perform a characterization of the optically detected nuclear-spin transitions associated with the 14N nuclear spin within diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. We observe nuclear-spin-dependent fluorescence with the contrast of op

Iaroslav V. Blagouchine

Recently, several new results related to the evaluation of the series sum (-1)^n zeta(n)/(n+k) were published. In this short note we show that this series also possesses an interesting connection to the values of the zeta-function on the critical line and to the Euler constant.

Sucheta Ghosh

Conversational discourse coherence depends on both linguistic and paralinguistic phenomena. In this work we combine both paralinguistic and linguistic knowledge into a hybrid framework through a multi-level hierarchy. Thus it outputs the discourse-level topic structures. The laughter occurrences are used as paralinguistic information from the multiparty meet

Yi Zhang, Chong Wang, Ye Zheng, Jieyu Zhao

The purpose of gesture recognition is to recognize meaningful movements of human bodies, and gesture recognition is an important issue in computer vision. In this paper, we present a multimodal gesture recognition method based on 3D densely convolutional networks (3D-DenseNets) and improved temporal convolutional networks (TCNs). The key idea of our approach

Ernesto Martinez-Baez, Rulin Feng, Carolyn I. Pearce, Gregory K. Schenter

Predicting accurate NMR chemical shieldings relies upon cancellation of different types of error in the ab initio methodology used to calculate the shielding tensor of the analyte of interest and the reference. Often the intrinsic error in computed shieldings due to basis sets, approximations in the Hamiltonian, description of the wave function, and dynamic

Sangdon Park, Osbert Bastani, Nikolai Matni, Insup Lee

We propose an algorithm combining calibrated prediction and generalization bounds from learning theory to construct confidence sets for deep neural networks with PAC guarantees---i.e., the confidence set for a given input contains the true label with high probability. We demonstrate how our approach can be used to construct PAC confidence sets on ResNet for

A. Niang, D. Modotto, A. Tonello, F. Mangini

We experimentally demonstrate spatial beam self-cleaning in an Yb-doped graded-index multimode fiber taper, both in passive and active configurations. The input laser beam at 1064 nm was injected for propagation from the small to the large core side of the taper, with laser diode pumping in a counterdirectional configuration. The Kerr effect permits to obtai

David Prinz

We study the perturbative renormalization of quantum gauge theories in the Hopf algebra setup of Connes and Kreimer. It was shown by van Suijlekom (2007) that the quantum counterparts of gauge symmetries -- the so-called Ward--Takahashi and Slavnov--Taylor identities -- correspond to Hopf ideals in the respective renormalization Hopf algebra. We generalize t

Farid Naït-Abdesselam, Ahmad Alsharoa, Mohamed Selim, Daji Qiao

In this paper, we consider the use of UAVs to provide wireless connectivity services, for example after failures of wireless network components or to simply provide additional bandwidth on demand, and introduce the concept of UAVs as a service (UaaS). To facilitate UaaS, we introduce a novel framework, dubbed D3S, which consists of four phases: demand, decis

Baoxiang Wang, Shuai Li, Jiajin Li, Siu On Chan

We analyze the Gambler's problem, a simple reinforcement learning problem where the gambler has the chance to double or lose the bets until the target is reached. This is an early example introduced in the reinforcement learning textbook by Sutton and Barto (2018), where they mention an interesting pattern of the optimal value function with high-frequency co

M. Shifman

I briefly summarize my personal opinions on the current status of HEP theory and comment on the so-called "non-empiric confirmation."

Walid Shalaby, Adriano Arantes, Teresa GonzalezDiaz, Chetan Gupta

Popular conversational agents frameworks such as Alexa Skills Kit (ASK) and Google Actions (gActions) offer unprecedented opportunities for facilitating the development and deployment of voice-enabled AI solutions in various verticals. Nevertheless, understanding user utterances with high accuracy remains a challenging task with these frameworks. Particularl

Eduardo A. D. Lacerda, Sebastián F. Sánchez, R. Cid Fernandes, Carlos López-Cobá

We study the presence of optically-selected Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) within a sample of 867 galaxies extracted from the extended {\it Calar-Alto Legacy Integral Field spectroscopy Area} (eCALIFA) spanning all morphological classes. We identify 10 Type-I and 24 Type-II AGNs, amounting to $\sim4$ per cent of our sample, similar to the fraction reported by

Abbas Kazemipour, Brett W. Larsen, Shaul Druckmann

Despite their practical success, a theoretical understanding of the loss landscape of neural networks has proven challenging due to the high-dimensional, non-convex, and highly nonlinear structure of such models. In this paper, we characterize the training landscape of the mean squared error loss for neural networks with quadratic activation functions. We pr

Tianhan Liu, Xiaolei Wang, Hailong Wang, Gang Shi

Electrical generation of polarized spins in nonmagnetic materials is of great interest for the underlying physics and device potential. One such mechanism is chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), with which structural chirality leads to different electric conductivities for electrons of opposite spins. The resulting effect of spin filtering has been rep

Nicolas Leconte, Jeil Jung

Interference of double moire patterns of graphene (G) encapsulated by hexagonal boron nitride (BN) can alter the electronic structure features near the primary/secondary Dirac points and the electron-hole symmetry introduced by a single G/BN moire pattern depending on the relative stacking arrangements of the top/bottom BN layers. We show that strong interfe

Kevin Zahnle, Roxana Lupu, David Catling, Nick Wogan

The origin of life on Earth seems to demand a highly reduced early atmosphere, rich in CH4, H2, and NH3, but geological evidence suggests that Earth's mantle has always been relatively oxidized and its emissions dominated by CO2 H2O, and N2. The paradox can be resolved by exploiting the reducing power inherent in the "late veneer," i.e., material accreted by

Yang Liu, John R. Buck, Shaokuan Zheng

This paper proposes a statistical framework to optimize and evaluate the MR parameter $T_1$ and $T_2$ mapping capabilities for quantitative MRI relaxometry approaches. This analysis explores the intrinsic MR parameter estimate precision per unit scan time, termed the $T_{1,2}$-to-noise ratio (TNR) efficiency, for different ranges of biologically realistic re

Gregory Rice, Chi Zhang

For sequentially observed functional data exhibiting multiple change points in the mean function, we establish consistency results for the estimated number and locations of the change points based on the norm of the functional CUSUM process and standard binary segmentation. In addition to extending similar results in Venkatraman (1992) and Fryzlewicz (2014)

Debra Boutin, Sally Cockburn

A graph $G$ is said to be $d$-distinguishable if there is a labeling of the vertices with $d$ labels so that only the trivial automorphism preserves the labels. The smallest such $d$ is the distinguishing number, Dist($G$). A subset of vertices $S$ is a determining set for $G$ if every automorphism of $G$ is uniquely determined by its action on $S$. The size

Rosella Scrima, Sabino Fugetto, Nazzareno Capitanio, Domenico L. Gatti

Abnormal hemoglobins can have major consequences for tissue delivery of oxygen. Correct diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies with altered oxygen affinity requires a determination of hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve (ODC), which relates the hemoglobin oxygen saturation to the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. Determination of the ODC of human hemoglobin

Yu Luo, Lina Pu

The sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a promising solution for the green living and smart industries. In this article, we investigate the practical issues in the radio energy harvesting and data communication systems through extensive field experiments. A number of important characteristics of energy harvesting circuits and communication modul

E. Sander, J. D. Meiss

Rotational invariant circles of area-preserving maps are an important and well-studied example of KAM tori. John Greene conjectured that the locally most robust rotational circles have rotation numbers that are noble, i.e., have continued fractions with a tail of ones, and that, of these circles, the most robust has golden mean rotation number. The accurate

Jack Madden, Lisa Kaltenegger

Large ground- and space-based telescopes will be able to observe Earth-like planets in the near future. We explore how different planetary surfaces can strongly influence the climate, atmospheric composition, and remotely detectable spectra of terrestrial rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone depending on the host star's incident irradiation spectrum for a

Hanqing Zeng, Viktor Prasanna

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have emerged as the state-of-the-art deep learning model for representation learning on graphs. It is challenging to accelerate training of GCNs, due to (1) substantial and irregular data communication to propagate information within the graph, and (2) intensive computation to propagate information along the neural network

Ravi Goyal, Victor De Gruttola

This manuscript presents a general recursive formula to estimate the size of fibers associated with algebraic maps from graphs to summary statistics of importance for social network analysis, such as number of edges (graph density), degree sequence, degree distribution, mixing by nodal covariates, and degree mixing. That is, the formula estimates the number

Nanao Kita

This paper is the first from serial papers that provide constructive characterizations for classes of bidirected graphs known as radials and semiradials. In this paper, we provide constructive characterizations for five principle classes of radials and semiradials to be used for characterizing general radials and semiradials. A bidirected graph is a graph in

Yichen Zhang, Yan Li, Kevin Tomsovic, Seddik Djouadi

Increasing penetration of renewable energy introduces significant uncertainty into power systems. Traditional simulation-based verification methods may not be applicable due to the unknown-but-bounded feature of the uncertainty sets. Emerging set-theoretic methods have been intensively investigated to tackle this challenge. The paper comprehensively reviews

Rostislav Akhmechet, Vyacheslav Krushkal, Michael Willis

We construct a stable homotopy refinement of quantum annular homology, a link homology theory introduced by Beliakova, Putyra and Wehrli. For each $r\geq 2$ we associate to an annular link $L$ a naive $\mathbb{Z}/r\mathbb{Z}$-equivariant spectrum whose cohomology is isomorphic to the quantum annular homology of $L$ as modules over $\mathbb{Z}[\mathbb{Z}/r\ma

Zakaria El Mrabet, Mehdi Ezzari, Hassan Elghazi, Badr Abou El Majd

Smart grid is an alternative solution of the conventional power grid which harnesses the power of the information technology to save the energy and meet today's environment requirements. Due to the inherent vulnerabilities in the information technology, the smart grid is exposed to a wide variety of threats that could be translated into cyber-attacks. In thi

Nicholas Monath, Ari Kobren, Akshay Krishnamurthy, Michael Glass

We introduce Grinch, a new algorithm for large-scale, non-greedy hierarchical clustering with general linkage functions that compute arbitrary similarity between two point sets. The key components of Grinch are its rotate and graft subroutines that efficiently reconfigure the hierarchy as new points arrive, supporting discovery of clusters with complex struc

Flávio L. N. Santos, Mônica A. Caracanhas, M. C. O. Aguiar, Rodrigo G. Pereira

The formation of bound states between mobile impurity particles and fermionic atoms has been demonstrated in spin-polarized Fermi gases with attractive interspecies interaction. We investigate bound states of mobile impurities immersed in a two-dimensional system with a symmetry-protected quadratic band touching. In addition to the standard s-wave interactio

Huang Huang, Dorit Hammerling, Bo Li, Richard Smith

Projections of future climate change rely heavily on climate models, and combining climate models through a multi-model ensemble is both more accurate than a single climate model and valuable for uncertainty quantification. However, Bayesian approaches to multi-model ensembles have been criticized for making oversimplified assumptions about bias and variabil

Diego Lobos, David Plaza, Steen Ryom-Hansen

We introduce a type $B$ analogue of the nil Temperley-Lieb algebra in terms of generators and relations, that we call the (extended) nil-blob algebra. We show that this algebra is isomorphic to the endomorphism algebra of a Bott-Samelson bimodule in type $\tilde{A}_1$. We also prove that it is isomorphic to an idempotent truncation of the classical blob alge

Zakaria El Mrabet, Hassan El Ghazi, Naima Kaabouch

Smart grid is an emerging and promising technology. It uses the power of information technologies to deliver intelligently the electrical power to customers, and it allows the integration of the green technology to meet the environmental requirements. Unfortunately, information technologies have its inherent vulnerabilities and weaknesses that expose the sma

Bernhard Haeupler, D Ellis Hershkowitz, David Wajc

We study the store-and-forward packet routing problem for simultaneous multicasts, in which multiple packets have to be forwarded along given trees as fast as possible. This is a natural generalization of the seminal work of Leighton, Maggs and Rao, which solved this problem for unicasts, i.e. the case where all trees are paths. They showed the existence of

Sumit Mukherjee, Yixi Xu, Anusua Trivedi, Juan Lavista Ferres

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have made releasing of synthetic images a viable approach to share data without releasing the original dataset. It has been shown that such synthetic data can be used for a variety of downstream tasks such as training classifiers that would otherwise require the original dataset to be shared. However, recent work has sh

Neil Ashby, Derek van Westrum

We study whether the optical properties of a solid glass retroreflector influence the value of the acceleration of gravity $g$ determined by dropping both solid and open retroreflectors in an absolute ballistic gravimeter. The retroreflectors have equivalent optical centers and are dropped from the same height, at a fixed location, in the same gravimeter whi

Christina Gao, Nicolás A. Neill

In extended Higgs sectors that exhibit alignment without decoupling, the additional scalars are allowed to have large couplings to the Standard Model Higgs. We show that current nonresonant di-Higgs searches can be straightforwardly adapted to look for additional Higgses in these scenarios, where pair production of non-SM Higgses can be enhanced. For concret

Kai Ni, Shanshan Cao, Xiaoming Huo

In image detection, one problem is to test whether the set, though mostly consisting of uniformly scattered points, also contains a small fraction of points sampled from some (a priori unknown) curve, for example, a curve with $C^{\alpha}$-norm bounded by $\beta$. One approach is to analyze the data by counting membership in multiscale multianisotropic strip

Mustafa Sarisaman, Murat Tas

Inspired by the magnificent features of two-dimensional (2D) materials which aroused much of the interest in recent materials science research, we study PT-symmetric 2D Weyl semimetal (WSM) to reveal the broadband and wide-angle invisible configurations in a PT-symmetric optical slab system. Desired unidirectional reflectionlessness and invisibility phenomen

Julian Enoch

With the continued growth of Internet traffic, and the scarcity of the optical spectrum, there is a continuous need to optimize the usage of this resource. In the process of provisioning elastic optical networks using the flexible frequency grid paradigm, telecommunication operators must deal with a combinatorial optimization problem that is NP-complete name

Mateusz K. Tarkowski, Szymon Matejczyk, Tomasz P. Michalak, Michael Wooldridge

Myerson first introduced graph-restricted games in order to model the interaction of cooperative players with an underlying communication network. A dedicated solution concept -- the Myerson value -- is perhaps the most important normative solution concept for cooperative games on graphs. Unfortunately, its computation is computationally challenging. In part

Kamyar Modjtahedzadeh

PASCO scientific 012-05187C Precision Interferometer is used in Michelson mode to investigate wavelengths and refractive indices. From varying the distance of the movable mirror in the Michelson setup the wavelength of the HeNe laser beam is found to be $630.6\pm7.9~\mathrm{nm}$; $0.28$ sigmas away from the accepted $632.8~\mathrm{nm}$ and agreeing with it.

Josef Berger

Brouwer's fan theorem states that every bar is a uniform bar. We give an overview of the status of this axiom in Bishop's constructive mathematics. In particular, we describe the relationship between the fan theorem, the weak K\"onig lemma, and the uniform continuity theorem.

Namig J. Guliyev

We show that inverse square singularities can be treated as boundary conditions containing rational Herglotz--Nevanlinna functions of the eigenvalue parameter with "a negative number of poles". More precisely, we treat in a unified manner one-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger operators with either an inverse square singularity or a boundary condition containing a

Shengwen Xie, Juan Ren

With the advantages of high modeling accuracy and large bandwidth, recurrent neural network (RNN) based inversion model control has been proposed for output tracking. However, some issues still need to be addressed when using the RNN-based inversion model. First, with limited number of parameters in RNN, it cannot model the low-frequency dynamics accurately,

Bhairav Chidambaram, Mason McGill, Pietro Perona

We design an agent to search for frames of interest in video stored on a remote server, under bandwidth constraints. Using a convolutional neural network to score individual frames and a hidden Markov model to propagate predictions across frames, our agent accurately identifies temporal regions of interest based on sparse, strategically sampled frames. On a

Pawan Kumar, Dhanajit Brahma, Harish Karnick, Piyush Rai

We present an attention-based ranking framework for learning to order sentences given a paragraph. Our framework is built on a bidirectional sentence encoder and a self-attention based transformer network to obtain an input order invariant representation of paragraphs. Moreover, it allows seamless training using a variety of ranking based loss functions, suc

Peter Gao, Xi Zhang

The observed mass-radius relationship of low-mass planets informs our understanding of their composition and evolution. Recent discoveries of low mass, large radii objects ("super-puffs") have challenged theories of planet formation and atmospheric loss, as their high inferred gas masses make them vulnerable to runaway accretion and hydrodynamic escape. Here

Aleksandr Shishpanov, Pavel Bazhin, Danila Ivanov, Aleksandr Meschanov

The specific form of one electrode capacitive discharge was studied in long tubes filled with high purity neon or argon at pressure 1-4 Torr. The main feature of the discharge is the low rate (less than 10 kHz) of the voltage pulses of given polarity which are applied to only one electrode of the tube, while another one remains free or missing. This type of

Tatiana Shulman

It is an old and challenging topic to investigate for which discrete groups G the full group C*-algebra C*(G) is residually finite-dimensional (RFD). In particular not much is known about how the RFD property behaves under fundamental constructions, such as amalgamated free products and HNN-extensions. In [CS19] it was proved that central amalgamated free pr

Thea Kozakis, Lisa Kaltenegger

In the near future we will have ground- and space-based telescopes that are designed to observe and characterize Earth-like planets. While attention is focused on exoplanets orbiting main sequence stars, more than 150 exoplanets have already been detected orbiting red giants, opening the intriguing question of what rocky worlds orbiting in the habitable zone

Thea Kozakis, Zifan Lin, Lisa Kaltenegger

With the first observations of debris disks as well as proposed planets around white dwarfs, the question of how rocky planets around such stellar remnants can be characterized and probed for signs of life becomes tangible. White dwarfs are similar in size to Earth and have relatively stable environments for billions of years after initial cooling, making th

Ahmed Abdelhamed, Balakrishna Yadav Peddagolla, Girma Tewolde, Jaerock Kwon

This paper illustrates the MIR (Mobile Intelligent Robotics) Vehicle: a feasible option of transforming an electric ride-on-car into a modular Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) powered autonomous platform equipped with the capability that supports test and deployment of various intelligent autonomous vehicles algorithms. To use a platform for research, two comp

Xiaoxuan Zhang, Krishna Garikipati

Many important multi-component crystalline solids undergo mechanochemical spinodal decomposition: a phase transformation in which the compositional redistribution is coupled with structural changes of the crystal, resulting in dynamically evolving microstructures. The ability to rapidly compute the macroscopic behavior based on these detailed microstructures

Aggelos Kiayias, Aikaterini-Panagiota Stouka

Consider a set of parties invited to execute a protocol $\Pi$. The protocol will incur some cost to run while in the end (or at regular intervals), it will populate and update local tables that assign (virtual) rewards to participants. Each participant aspires to offset the costs of participation by these virtual payoffs that are provided in the course of th

Misha Kilmer, Lior Horesh, Haim Avron, Elizabeth Newman

In this era of big data, data analytics and machine learning, it is imperative to find ways to compress large data sets such that intrinsic features necessary for subsequent analysis are not lost. The traditional workhorse for data dimensionality reduction and feature extraction has been the matrix SVD, which presupposes that the data has been arranged in ma

Daniel Disegni

Let ${\mathrm G}$ be the group $({\rm GL}_{2}\times {\rm GU}(1))/{\rm GL}_{1}$ over a totally real field $F$, and let $\mathscr{X}$ be a Hida family for ${\rm G}$. Revisiting a construction of Howard and Fouquet, we construct an explicit section $\mathscr{P}$ of a sheaf of Selmer groups over $\mathscr{X}$. We show, answering a question of Howard, that $\math

Narjes Nabipour, Amir Mosavi, Alireza Baghban, Shahaboddin Shamshirband

Calculating hydrocarbon components solubility of natural gases is known as one of the important issues for operational works in petroleum and chemical engineering. In this work, a novel solubility estimation tool has been proposed for hydrocarbon gases including methane, ethane, propane, and butane in aqueous electrolyte solutions based on extreme learning m

P. O. Sukhachov, A. V. Balatsky

Quasiparticle states in Dirac systems with complex impurity potentials are investigated. It is shown that an impurity site with loss leads to a nontrivial distribution of the local density of states (LDOS). While the real part of defect potential induces a well-pronounced peak in the density of states (DOS), the DOS is either weakly enhanced at small frequen

Robert Brandenberger, Edward Wilson-Ewing

We show that the constraints which follow from the {\it Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture} for inflationary cosmology can be strengthened if the pre-inflationary universe was dominated by radiation. The resulting upper bound on the energy scale of inflation is $\eta \sim 10^4 {\rm GeV}$, close to the scale accessible to accelerator experiments.

Tomáš Kaiser, Petr Vrána

Yang et al. proved that every 3-connected, essentially 11-connected line graph is Hamilton-connected. This was extended by Li and Yang to 3-connected, essentially 10-connected graphs. Strengthening their result further, we prove that 3-connected, essentially 9-connected line graphs are Hamilton-connected. We use a method based on quasigraphs in combination w

Markus Rummel, C. P. Burgess

We show how Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the supermassive object at the center of M87 can constrain deviations from General Relativity (GR) in a relatively model-independent way. We focus on the class of theories whose deviations from GR modify black holes into alternative compact objects whose properties approach those of an ordinary black

Vahid Kamali, Robert Brandenberger

We demonstrate that the strict upper bounds on the energy scale of inflation and on the tensor-to-scalar ratio can be somewhat relaxed if we assume that - after an initial period of slow rolling when scales probed today in CMB experiments exit the Hubble radius - the equation of state of the background changes to correspond to an almost marginally accelerati

Herbert Wang, Yin Fang, Yiliang Lin, Jiuyun Shi

We envision that dispersion between two polymeric materials on mesoscales would create new composites with properties that are much more superior to the components alone. Here we elucidate the dispersion between two of most abundant natural polysaccharides, starch and chitosan, which form mesoscale composites that may promise many applications. By using X-ra

Aditya Dhumuntarao, Joseph I. Kapusta, Christopher Plumberg

We find exact finite temperature solutions to $d=5$ Einstein-dilaton gravity with black branes and a Randall--Sundrum 3-brane. We show that there exists a unique generating superpotential for these models. The location of the black brane and the associated Hawking temperature depend on the value of the the 3-brane tension while other parameters are held fixe

Tomáš Kaiser, Petr Vrána

We give a new proof of the Skeletal Lemma, which is the main technical tool in our paper on Hamilton cycles in line graphs [T. Kaiser and P. Vr\'ana, Hamilton cycles in 5-connected line graphs, European J. Combin. 33 (2012), 924-947]. It generalises results on disjoint spanning trees in graphs to the context of 3-hypergraphs. The lemma is proved in a slightl

Martin Horák, Martin Kružík

Gradient polyconvex materials are nonsimple materials where we do not assume smoothness of the elastic strain but instead regularity of minors of the strain is required. This allows for a larger class of admissible deformations than in the case of second-grade materials. We describe a possible implementation of gradient polyconvex elastic energies. Besides,

Shuo Huang, Ke wu, Xiaolin Meng, Cheng Li

The non-rigid registration between CT data and ultrasonic images of liver can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment, which has been widely studied in recent years. To improve the registration accuracy of the Demons model on the non-rigid registration between 3D CT liver data and 2D ultrasonic images, a novel boundary extraction and enhancement method based

Bernardo Alves Furtado

We propose a controlled simulation within a competitive sum-zero environment as a proxy for disaggregating components of success. Given a simulation of the Risk board game, we consider (a) Talent to be one of three rule-based strategies used by players; (b) Context as the setting of each run of the game with opponents' strategies, goals and luck; and (c) Per

Maciej Dunajski, Paul Tod

We construct isometric and conformally isometric embeddings of some gravitational instantons in $\mathbb{R}^8$ and $\mathbb{R}^7$. In particular we show that the embedding class of the Einstein--Maxwell instanton due to Burns is equal to $3$. For $\mathbb{CP}^2$, Eguchi--Hanson and anti-self-dual Taub-NUT we obtain upper and lower bounds on the embedding cla

Klaus Liegener, Ernst-Albrecht Zwicknagel

This article investigates properties of semiclassical Gauge Field Theory Coherent States for general quantum gauge theories. Useful, e.g., for the canonical formulation of Lattice Gauge Theories these states are labelled by a point in the classical phase space and constructed such that the expectation values of the canonical operators are sharply peaked on s

Klaus Liegener, Stefan Andreas Weigl

The closed, spatially isotropic FLRW universe (k=+1) is endowed with modifications due to a discrete underlying space-structure. Motivated from Loop Quantum Gravity techniques, a full Thiemann regularisation is performed. The impact of these modifications of the single-graph-sector appearing in the scalar constraint are interpreted as physical quantum gravit

Sirui Lu, Lu-Ming Duan, Dong-Ling Deng

Adversarial machine learning is an emerging field that focuses on studying vulnerabilities of machine learning approaches in adversarial settings and developing techniques accordingly to make learning robust to adversarial manipulations. It plays a vital role in various machine learning applications and has attracted tremendous attention across different com

Hiroaki Wakamura, Tatsuhiko Koike

We present a general theoretical framework for finding the time-optimal unitary evolution of the quantum systems when the Hamiltonian is subject to arbitrary constraints. Quantum brachistochrone (QB) is such a framework based on the variational principle, whose drawback is that it deals with equality constraints only. While inequality constraints can be redu

Francesco Campagna, Peter Stevenhagen

For an elliptic curve $E$ defined over a number field $K$, the heuristic density of the set of primes of $K$ for which $E$ has cyclic reduction is given by an inclusion-exclusion sum $\delta_{E/K}$ involving the degrees of the $m$-division fields $K_m$ of $E$ over $K$. This density can be proved to be correct under assumption of GRH. For $E$ without complex

Run-Qiu Yang, H. Lu

For static black holes in Einstein gravity, if matter fields satisfy a few general conditions, we conjecture that three characteristic parameters about the spatial size of black holes, namely the outermost photon sphere area $A_{\mathrm{ph,out}}$, the corresponding shadow area $A_{\mathrm{sh,out}}$ and the horizon area $A_{\mathcal{H}}$ satisfy a series of u

C. Back, V. Cros, H. Ebert, K. Everschor-Sitte

The notion of non-trivial topological winding in condensed matter systems represents a major area of present-day theoretical and experimental research. Magnetic materials offer a versatile platform that is particularly amenable for the exploration of topological spin solitons in real space such as skyrmions. First identified in non-centrosymmetric bulk mater

I. Soszyński, A. Udalski, M. Wrona, M. K. Szymański

We present an upgrade of the OGLE Collection of RR Lyrae stars in the Galactic bulge and disk. The size of our sample has been doubled and reached 78 350 RR Lyr variables, of which 56 508 are fundamental-mode pulsators (RRab stars), 21 321 pulsate solely in the first-overtone (RRc stars), 458 are classical double-mode pulsators (RRd stars), and 63 are anomal

Jad C. Halimeh, Philipp Hauke

Currently, there are intense experimental efforts to realize lattice gauge theories in quantum simulators. Except for specific models, however, practical quantum simulators can never be fine-tuned to perfect local gauge invariance. There is thus a strong need for a rigorous understanding of gauge-invariance violation and how to reliably protect against it. A

Pietro Benetti Genolini, Masazumi Honda, Hee-Cheol Kim, David Tong

We study supersymmetry breaking deformations of the $\mathcal{N}=1$ 5d fixed point known as $E_1$, the UV completion of $SU(2)$ super-Yang-Mills. The phases of the non-supersymmetric theory can be characterized by Chern-Simons terms involving background $U(1)$ gauge fields, allowing us to identify a phase transition at strong coupling. We propose that this m

Luis F. Alday, Jin-Beom Bae

A classical result from analytic number theory by Rademacher gives an exact formula for the Fourier coefficients of modular forms of non-positive weight. We apply similar techniques to study the spectrum of two-dimensional unitary conformal field theories, with no extended chiral algebra and $c>1$. By exploiting the full modular constraints of the partition

John Napp, Rolando L. La Placa, Alexander M. Dalzell, Fernando G. S. L. Brandao

Random quantum circuits are commonly viewed as hard to simulate classically. In some regimes this has been formally conjectured, and there had been no evidence against the more general possibility that for circuits with uniformly random gates, approximate simulation of typical instances is almost as hard as exact simulation. We prove that this is not the cas

Stéphane Detournay, Wout Merbis, Gim Seng Ng, Raphaela Wutte

We study warped flat geometries in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity. They are quotients of global warped flat spacetime, whose isometries are given by the 2-dimensional centrally extended Poincar\'e algebra. The latter can be obtained as a certain scaling limit of Warped AdS3 space with a positive cosmological constant. We discuss the causal s

Wei Wu, Mathias S. Scheurer, Michel Ferrero, Antoine Georges

The Mott insulating phase of the parent compounds is frequently taken as starting point for the underdoped high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors. In particular, the pseudogap state is often considered as deriving from the Mott insulator. In this work, we systematically investigate different weakly-doped Mott insulators on the square and triangular lattice to cl

John F. Wu

A galaxy's morphological features encode details about its gas content, star formation history, and feedback processes, which play important roles in regulating its growth and evolution. We use deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to learn a galaxy's optical morphological information in order to estimate its neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) content directly

Nathaniel Craig, Minyuan Jiang, Ying-Ying Li, Dave Sutherland

We consider aspects of tree and one-loop behavior in a generic 4d EFT of massless scalars, fermions, and vectors, with a particular eye to the high-energy limit of the Standard Model EFT at operator dimensions 6 and 8. First, we classify the possible Lorentz structures of operators and the subset of these that can arise at tree-level in a weakly coupled UV c

Man Leong Chan, Ik Siong Heng, Chris Messenger

We demonstrate the application of a convolutional neural network to the gravitational wave signals from core collapse supernovae. Using simulated time series of gravitational wave detectors, we show that based on the explosion mechanisms, a convolutional neural network can be used to detect and classify the gravitational wave signals buried in noise. For the

Anton F. Faedo, Carlos Nunez, Christopher Rosen

With the purpose of holographically describing flows from a large family of four dimensional ${\cal N}=1$ and ${\cal N}=2$ conformal field theories, we discuss truncations of seven dimensional supergravity to five dimensions. We write explicitly the reduced gauged supergravity and find BPS equations for simple configurations. Lifting these flows to eleven di

Huizhuo Yuan, Xiangru Lian, Ji Liu

Stochastic compositional optimization arises in many important machine learning tasks such as value function evaluation in reinforcement learning and portfolio management. The objective function is the composition of two expectations of stochastic functions, and is more challenging to optimize than vanilla stochastic optimization problems. In this paper, we

Zheyan Wan, Juven Wang

We explore QCD$_4$ quark matter, the $\mu$-T (chemical potential-temperature) phase diagram, possible 't Hooft anomalies, and topological terms, via non-perturbative tools of cobordism theory and higher anomaly matching. We focus on quarks in 3-color and 3-flavor on bi-fundamentals of SU(3), then analyze the continuous and discrete global symmetries and pay

Volker Nannen, Damian Bover, Dieter Zöbel

Reducing the forces necessary to construct projects like landing pads and blast walls is possibly one of the major drivers in reducing the costs of establishing lunar settlements. The interlock drive system generates traction by penetrating articulated spikes into the ground and by using the natural strength of the ground for traction. The spikes develop a h

Nick Early

In recent work of Cachazo, Guevara, Mizera and the author, a generalization of the biadjoint scattering amplitude $m^{(k)}(\mathbb{I}_n,\mathbb{I}_n)$ was introduced as an integral over the moduli space of $n$ points in $\mathbb{CP}^{k-1}$, with value a sum of certain rational functions on the kinematic space $\mathcal{K}_{k,n}$. It was shown there for $m^{(

Elad Aigner-Horev, Oran Danon, Dan Hefetz, Shoham Letzter

For two graphs $G$ and $H$, write $G \stackrel{\mathrm{rbw}}{\longrightarrow} H$ if $G$ has the property that every {\sl proper} colouring of its edges yields a {\sl rainbow} copy of $H$. We study the thresholds for such so-called {\sl anti-Ramsey} properties in randomly perturbed dense graphs, which are unions of the form $G \cup \mathbb{G}(n,p)$, where $G$

Noriaki Ikeda, Thomas Strobl

We present the BFV and the BV extension of the Poisson sigma model (PSM) twisted by a closed 3-form H. There exist superfield versions of these functionals such as for the PSM and, more generally, for the AKSZ sigma models. However, in contrast to those theories, here they depend on the Euler vector field of the source manifold and contain terms mixing data

Sheel Ganatra

We construct geometric maps from the cyclic homology groups of the (compact or wrapped) Fukaya category to the corresponding $S^1$-equivariant (Floer/quantum or symplectic) cohomology groups, which are natural with respect to all Gysin and periodicity exact sequences and are isomorphisms whenever the (non-equivariant) open-closed map is. These {\em cyclic op