New approach to the estimation of the lowest boundary of an axion mass

Abstract

In this work, we have performed the theoretical estimation of the lowest boundary of an axion mass. We have analyzed the energy spectrum of the electron in a constant homogeneous magnetic field, taking into account its anomalous magnetic moment. We have applied the obtained results on the energy spectrum of the electron in a constant homogeneous magnetic field with allowance for its anomalous magnetic moment to the hydrogen atom electron, which is located in addition to the Coulomb field of the proton, as well as in the magnetic field produced by the magnetic moment of the proton. We have applied the idea of the restriction for the lowest boundary of the axion mass to the triplet-singlet transition between two adjacent levels obtained as a result of the hyperfine structure splitting of the s-levels in the hydrogen atom. We have concluded that the mass of an axion ought to be more than 5.885 microelectron-Volt. We have determined that the minimum value of the magnetic field strength at which the axion emission by the electron in a magnetic field starts to be realized is determined by the axion mass. This result enables us to estimate the expected value of the lowest boundary for the axion mass (of the order of 10 microelectron-Volt), assuming that some part of the solar axions is emitted by the electrons located in sunspots.