Neural Gauge-P Representation for Open Quantum Dynamics of Interacting Bosons

Abstract

Simulating the nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting open quantum systems remains challenging beyond small system sizes. Quantum phase-space representations provide a scalable approach, but their useful simulation time can be limited by broad distribution tails and the associated boundary terms. We introduce the neural gauge-$P$ representation for open bosonic systems, in which stochastic gauges are parameterized by neural networks and optimized using exact moment equation residuals. For the driven-dissipative Bose--Hubbard model in both single-site and square-lattice settings, the neural gauge-$P$ representation remains accurate during long-time evolution toward the steady state, whereas the corresponding ungauged representation becomes unreliable at substantially earlier times. These results demonstrate the potential of the neural gauge-$P$ representation for accurate simulations of nonequilibrium open quantum many-body dynamics.