Quantum-state block texture and its quantification

Abstract

Quantum-state texture (QST) is an emerging quantum resource that has garnered increasing attention amid advances in quantum theory. In this work, we generalize the QST to quantum-state block texture (QSBT). This generalization provides profound operational interpretations for quantifying the advantages of quantum states in quantum information processing. We pioneer an alternative framework for characterizing and quantifying quantum-state block texture, and propose three types of block texture measures. By comparing these QSBT measures, we investigate their distinctions and interrelationships. We demonstrate that the geometric measure serves as an upper bound for the trace distance-based measure. For a specific family of quantum states, we evaluate the values of two trace distance-based measures. Then we sample four sets of data from this family of states, with each set comprising $5\times 10^4, 10^5, 5\times 10^5$ and $10^6 $ samples, respectively, and present the corresponding distributions. Our results reveal that the QSBT measures constructed via different approaches show distinct characteristics, indicating their potential roles in quantifying the block texture of quantum states.