Suppressing errors in analog logical rotation gates via balanced fusion

Abstract

There have been a number of recent proposals to use analog logical rotations in early fault-tolerant quantum algorithms. Existing proposals implement a logical rotation by angle $ϕ$, with error $O(pϕ)$, where $p$ is the physical error rate. While this is not fault-tolerant, if $ϕ$ is sufficiently small the logical error rate can be suppressed. In this work, we introduce and analyze the `balanced fusion' technique for improving the error scaling of analog logical rotations to $O(p ϕ^{1.5})$, without having to resort to fallback synthesis. Balanced fusion is enabled by an improved analysis of the accumulation of coherent error terms in analog logical rotations. Our techniques improve the viability of analog logical rotations for small rotation angles as an alternative to cultivation-powered rotation synthesis.