Analysis of Superradiance-Based Quantum Metrology under Independent Markovian Pure Dephasing

Abstract

Recently, a DC magnetometry protocol utilizing $N$-spin-ensemble superradiance was proposed. This method physically amplifies the acquired signal, suppressing estimation errors from measurement noise and achieving $\mathcal{O}(1/N)$ precision scaling when measurement noise dominates quantum fluctuations. However, quantum metrology is generally vulnerable to independent Markovian pure dephasing. For instance, the scaling of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state-based magnetometry deteriorates from $\mathcal{O}(1/N)$ to $\mathcal{O}(1/\sqrt{N})$. Although pure dephasing likely degrades superradiant sensing, its quantitative impact remains unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of independent Markovian pure dephasing on this protocol using numerical simulations and mean-field analysis. We demonstrate that, in the large-$N$ limit, the estimation error increase is limited to a constant factor. This sharply contrasts with GHZ-state-based sensing, where the error increases by a factor of $\sqrt{N}$. Our analytical solutions elucidate the physical origin of this robustness qualitatively. These findings establish the high robustness of superradiance-based DC magnetometry against independent Markovian pure dephasing.