Topological obstructions to geometric positivity and negativity on Calabi-Yau manifolds

Abstract

We study whether the topology underlying a Calabi-Yau manifold can support natural geometric positivity or negativity structures. In even complex dimension $n \geq 4$ (assuming $b_2=1$ when $n \geq 6$), we strengthen a theorem of Oguiso-Peternell by proving that a Calabi-Yau manifold is not homeomorphic to a weak Fano $n$-fold. The same obstruction applies to Kähler manifolds with quasi-positive holomorphic sectional curvature. A transformation-group analogue excludes, in particular, symplectic manifolds admitting Hamiltonian circle actions with isolated fixed points. On the negative side, we show that the fundamental group of a Calabi-Yau manifold is not isomorphic to that of a Kähler hyperbolic manifold. Taken together, these results exhibit a common topological rigidity separating Calabi-Yau manifolds from several fundamental classes governed by geometric positivity or negativity.