Thermal Throttling of Quantum State Transfer

Abstract

Quantum state transfer on qubit lattices is a crucial step in a panoply of quantum information processing tasks. Understanding its fundamental limits in the presence of practical imperfections remains a pressing open question. In particular, it is unclear how thermal noise in the intermediate ancilla sites impedes transfer. In this work, we derive tight lower bounds on the necessary growth of commutator norms to achieve approximate state transfer. Specializing to 1D power-law systems with thermal ancilla states, we demonstrate that state transfer runtimes depend sensitively on the scaling of temperature with system size, improving logarithmic bounds to algebraic ones. Our work extends previous results on exact state transfer to the qualitatively different and more practically relevant regime of approximate state transfer.