Quantifying the effect of resonant amplitude and frequency of phononic material vibrations on the coupled fluid-structure interaction dynamics in separated aerodynamic flows

Abstract

Phononic materials (PMs) with engineered resonances have been leveraged for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) with fluid flow instabilities, yielding beneficial outcomes such as transition delay, stabilized hypersonic boundary layers, and increased aerodynamic lift. Prior PM-FSI studies primarily identify spatio-temporal flow scales of interest and choose PM structural parameters producing structural dynamics conducive for FSI. However, a fully-coupled FSI system generally produces complex coupled dynamics that is not accurately captured by studying either physical system in isolation. In this context, our prior work established behavioral parameters that govern the coupled PM-FSI dynamics in a separated aerodynamic flow over a limited parameter range. Adopting this framework, this paper explores strongly-coupled high-fidelity PM-FSI simulations over a broader range of two behavioral parameters---truncation resonance frequency and displacement amplitude---to establish their quantitative (linear/cubic) relations to the coupled frequency, lift force, and circulation in the coupled system response. In addition, the results indicate the presence of distinct FSI regimes, depending on the proximity of the truncation resonance frequency or its sub-/super-harmonics to the vortex-shedding frequency. FSI dynamics ranging from multi-/single-frequency dynamics, downshifted coupling frequency due to fluid-added mass effects, generation of non-linear harmonics to convergence of FSI dynamics to the rigid plate case are observed. These results reiterate the importance of the PM frequency and amplitude in determining the coupled FSI dynamics, and the proposed quantitative relations provide a new pathway for designing PMs for aerodynamic flow control to achieve beneficial outcomes, e.g., lift force enhancement.