Cavity Solitons

Abstract

A driven optical cavity containing a nonlinear medium can support stable, soliton-like objects, bright non-diffracting spots of light on a uniform background. Importantly, the nonlinear medium need not support ordinary (propagating) spatial solitons, and cavity solitons have been both predicted and observed in a saturable absorber, and predicted to even exist in self-defocusing media. The history, present status, and physical interpretation of such cavity solitons is reviewed. Recent research predicts cavity solitons in semiconductor cavity models with properties interesting for applications to optical information processing. Cavity solitons are natural `bits' for spatial information, possessing both robustness and plasticity, and some potential applications of their unique properties are mentioned.