Joint PAPR and OOBE Reduction for AFDM via Chirp Parameter Tuning

Abstract

This paper addresses the joint reduction of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and out-of-band emissions (OOBE) in affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) systems by selecting the pre-chirp parameter c2. While existing approaches typically optimize either PAPR or OOBE independently, the proposed method jointly considers both metrics. To this end, a weighted cost function combining PAPR and OOBE is introduced to evaluate the trade-off between the two objectives. A pre-chirp selection scheme, inspired by the selected mapping (SLM) technique, is then employed to identify the optimal c2 value from a finite set of candidates, yielding a Pareto-optimal operating point within a discrete set. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach simultaneously reduces both PAPR and OOBE compared with conventional AFDM. Moreover, its performance remains close to that of methods specifically optimized for a single objective, with only about a 1 dB degradation in PAPR reduction and a 2-3 dB degradation in OOBE suppression.