Improved analyses of the electroweak phase transition and its phenomenology in the Georgi-Machacek model

Abstract

The Georgi-Machacek model is a promising new physics scenario with isospin-triplet scalar fields, whose effects can qualitatively change the nature of the electroweak phase transition compared with the Standard Model. We examine the electroweak phase transition in this model by using the thermally resummed one-loop effective potential. We also incorporate effects of custodial symmetry breaking due to radiative corrections by evolving the couplings and classical fields according to the renormalization group equations. We identify viable parameter regions by Bayesian analysis using theoretical requirements and the latest experimental bounds. We then investigate the electroweak phase transition in the resulting parameter regions and discuss its phenomenological implications, such as Higgs boson decays into neutral gauge bosons, di-Higgs production at high-energy colliders, and stochastic gravitational waves associated with a first-order electroweak phase transition. We find that parameter points for the strong first-order electroweak phase transition can be verified by these observables at next-generation experiments.