Multi-Objective Enterprise Green Supply Chain Network Design

Abstract

This paper introduces and studies the Multi-Objective Enterprise Green Supply Chain Network Design problem (MOEDGSCND) an extension of the well known Multi-Objective Supply Chain Network Design (MO-SCND), in this case a three-objective combinatorial optimisation problem that simultaneously minimises total cost f1, carbon dioxide emissions f2, and customer dissatisfaction f3 over binary decisions on which distribution centres to open and how to assign customer zones to open facilities. The problem generalises capacitated facility location and is known to be NP-hard. Furthermore this paper lays out a formal specification of decision variables, objective functions, all constraints and then investigates and compares three solution approaches using a single numerical instance: (A) exact weighted-sum integer linear programming solved via PuLP, (B) three Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Schemes (FPTAS) providing (.94 + $ε$)-guarantee approximations for $ε$ := 0.15, and (C) two baseline heuristics for comparison. On an eight-customer, five-candidate-DC instance the exact solver certifies the optimal Pareto front across eight weight combinations, and all three FPTAS variants achieve their approximation guarantees, finishing within milliseconds compared to centiseconds for the exact ILP using the PuLP solver on this scale.