Growing Einstein-Rosen Bridge with Multi-partite Entanglement

Abstract

Can quantum entanglement continue to grow even after the entanglement entropies of subsystems have saturated? We address this question using genuine multi-entropy, which probes multi-partite entanglement structure beyond bipartite entanglement. In a two-sided BTZ black hole, this quantity grows linearly with time after every subsystem entropy of a fixed tripartition has saturated, extending the interval in which entanglement detects Einstein-Rosen bridge growth. The result refines the ER=EPR relation by identifying multi-partite structure invisible to ordinary entanglement entropies. Some spin-chain models and the spatially partitioned Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model exhibit distinct transients, while the late-time plateau values in holography, the SYK model, and Haar-random states share a universal behaviour.