Lazy training of quantum physics informed neural networks

Abstract

We study the gradient-flow training dynamics of quantum physics-informed neural networks (QPINNs) for the solution of second-order elliptic partial differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We consider parameterized quantum circuits as function approximators and analyze their overparameterized regime through the lens of the neural tangent kernel (NTK). Our contribution is a nonasymptotic lazy-training theory for QPINNs and their variational formulation: we prove that, for sufficiently large circuit width, the nonlinear gradient flow is quantitatively approximated by a linearized NTK model, with explicit bounds depending on the number of qubits, circuit depth, circuit light-cone geometry, and the dimension of the domain of the solution to the PDE.