Asymmetric phase transitions in random noncommutative geometries

Abstract

In this paper, we study the asymmetric phases of the quartic type (0, 1) and (1, 0) Dirac en- sembles via three approaches: the Riemann-Hilbert approach, bootstrapping with positivity, and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) simulations. The focus of this work is on asymmetric solutions to the Schwinger-Dyson and saddle point equations of these models, whose solution spaces prove deeply intricate. Via the Riemann-Hilbert approach, we are able to give explicit formulae for the eigenvalue distributions and free energy of various solutions. Using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo simulations, we are able to reconstruct the phase structure. Lastly, using bootstrapping with positivity, we are able to reconstruct the eigenvalue distribution of these models from their bootstrapped moments. All three methods show excellent agreement for a large matrix size.