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First measurement of the antihydrogen production cross section through the charge-exchange reaction of low-energy antiprotons with orthopositronium

GBAR Collaboration, P. Adrich, I. Belosevic, M. Chung, P. Cladé, P. Comini, P. Crivelli, P. Debu, A. Douillet, S. Geffroy, S. Guellati-Khelifa, P. Guichard, P. -A. Hervieux, L. Hilico, P. Indelicato, S. Jonsell, J. -P. Karr, B. Kim, S. Kim, E. -S. Kim, N. Kuroda, B. Lee, L. Liszkay, D. Lunney, G. Manfredi, B. Mansoulié, V. Martimort, M. Matusiak, V. Nesvizhevsky, F. Nez, K. Park, N. Paul, E. Perez, P. Pérez, C. Regenfus, C. Roumegou, J. -Y. Roussé, F. Schmidt-Kaler, K. Szymczyk, T. A. Tanaka, B. Tuchming, D. P. van der Werf, D. Won, S. Wronka, P. Yzombard

hep-exarXiv:2609.33990

Abstract

The GBAR experiment has measured the formation rate of antihydrogen from antiproton impact on a positronium cloud for antiproton kinetic energies of 4 and 6 keV. This is the first charge-exchange cross section measurement performed using antiproton beams, which are provided by the AD-ELENA facility at CERN. The measured cross section values are (14.1 1.3 (stat) +2.2-1.4 (sys)) × 10-16~cm2 at 6.2 keV energy and (8.7 2.4 (stat) +1.5-0.09 (sys)) × 10-16~cm2 at 4.15 keV energy, and agree with recent theoretical three-body calculations for antihydrogen formation. These measurements are an important input for experiments with antimatter, e.g the planned measurements of antihydrogen gravitational acceleration in the GBAR collaboration.

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