Symmetry-Dependent Polarity Reversal of Bulk Spin-Orbit Torque in Single-Layer MnCoGa

Abstract

Controlling the magnitude and polarity of spin-orbit torque (SOT) is essential for manipulating magnetization in spintronic devices. Here, we realize bulk spin-orbit torque (SOT) in a single-layer Mn1.6Co1.4Ga (MCG) Heusler alloy and achieve lattice strain-controlled reversal of SOT polarity. SOT-driven magnetization switching is achieved over a thickness range of 3-20 nm, with the switching polarity reversed between the strongly strained ultrathin regime and thicker films. First-principles calculations reveal a sizable intrinsic spin Hall conductivity (SHC) in MCG originating from its topological band structure, which is enhanced by the tetragonal distortion without changing sign. Together with the thickness-dependent structural evolution, we demonstrate that the reversal of SOT polarity does not originate from a sign change of the SHC, but rather from lattice distortion induced symmetry breaking that modifies the conversion of spin current into a net bulk SOT, thereby controlling its polarity. These results establish strain-controlled structural symmetry as an additional degree of freedom for tuning bulk SOT in magnetic single layers.