Pressure Evolution of the Superconducting Order Parameter of Kagome Superconductor CsV3Sb5

Abstract

Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) offer an outstanding platform for exploring the interplay among charge-density-wave (CDW) order, superconductivity (SC), and nontrivial topological electronic states. For CsV3Sb5, moderate hydrostatic pressure induces a double-dome superconducting phase diagram while monotonically suppressing the CDW phase, which signals an unconventional coupling between SC and CDW. Nevertheless, the microscopic nature of the pressure-modulated superconducting state and its relationship with CDW order remain poorly understood. Here we employ soft directional point-contact spectroscopy (SDPCS), combined with superconducting resistive measurements, to probe the superconducting order parameter of CsV3Sb5 under hydrostatic compression. Our anisotropic PCAR measurements resolve two distinct s-wave superconducting gaps along the c-axis and a strongly anisotropic gap within the ab plane. Two-band Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) fits to the c-axis spectra yield a large gap satisfying 2Delta1/kBTc > 3.52 and a small gap with 2Deltas/kBTc < 3.52. The spectral-weight-averaged coupling ratio 2Deltaavg/kBTc is enhanced in the pressure window between P1 and P2, suggesting that pressure-induced modifications of the low-energy electronic structure may contribute to the evolution of superconductivity. For ab-plane junctions, the superconducting gap anisotropy is gradually suppressed above P1, accompanied by the emergence of a pronounced peak-dip-hump structure suggestive of enhanced coupling between superconducting quasiparticles and a bosonic excitation. These results shed new light on the intricate entanglement between CDW and SC in kagome superconductivity.