On the Topology of Fibers of Rational Functions

Abstract

In 1988 Broughton proved that if a complex polynomial function on ${\mathbb C}^n$ is tame at infinity its fibers are homotopy equivalent to bouquets of some spheres. Since then several basic properties of polynomial functions were studied by many mathematicians in various situations. In this paper, we show some evidence for the possibility of extending Broughton's result to rational functions satisfying some tameness condition at infinity and the one at their points of indeterminacy. Specifically, assuming some conditions on a rational function on ${\mathbb C}^n$ we prove that the cohomology groups of a generic fiber of it are isomorphic to those of a bouquet of $S^1$ and some spheres. In the course of the proof, the theory of the nearby and vanishing cycle sheaves for meromorphic functions will play an essential role.