Decoherence suppression in quantum dense coding

Abstract

By harnessing entanglement to transmit information beyond the limits of classical communication, quantum dense coding serves as a key component in various quantum technologies. However, in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, noise-induced decoherence poses inevitable challenges to its practical implementation. By investigating the non-Markovian decoherence dynamics of the two categories of quantum dense coding protocols realized in discrete- and continuous-variable systems, we demonstrate a physical mechanism to suppress the decoherence in quantum dense coding. It is found that the formation of a bound state in the energy spectrum of the entire system consisting of each subsystem and its local environment of the quantum channel restores the quantum advantage of dense coding in the presence of decoherence. Refreshing our understanding on the noisy effect on quantum dense coding, our finding offers a guide toward the practical realization of noise-tolerant quantum dense coding.