Is your LLM an Agressive Narcissist with Depression? Analyzing Psychological Portraits of Large Language Models

Abstract

Nowadays, interaction with AI requires caution not only regarding the factual reliability of generated content but also regarding personality markers that models may implicitly transmit during dialogue that can subtly influence users' perception of information. In this paper, we conduct a large-scale experimental study in which 22 large language models complete 11 psychological inventories. Furthermore, we investigate correlations between human and model responses to track the adjustments made for the users who interact with them on a daily basis. The results show that LLMs exhibit coherent and relatively stable psychological patterns. Personality traits remain largely consistent, whereas emotional and symptomatic dimensions are more variable, with anxiety and neuroticism emerging as dominant tendencies. Model explanations further suggest that LLMs generate internally consistent and safety-oriented profiles while also reflecting correlations with the users they regularly interact with.