Sublinear Power-Law Growth of Level Set Diameters in Heterogeneous F-KPP Equations

Abstract

For every $α\in(1/4,1)$, we construct a heterogeneous medium $ξ$ such that the diameter of the level sets of the solution to the F-KPP equation is of order $t^α$ along a sequence of times tending to infinity. This is a natural continuation of a series of recent works establishing logarithmic lower bounds as well as linear asymptotics for the diameters of the respective level sets in random and deterministic heterogeneous media. Both results assume $\supξ> 2\infξ$; we also show that the diameter can diverge in the critical regime $\supξ=2\infξ$. A key ingredient is an estimate for branching Brownian motion with fixed time horizon $t$ and branching rate $1$ on the negative half-line and $2+t^{-η}$ on the positive half-line. This estimate exhibits a saturation transition: for $η<1/2$ the polynomial and logarithmic corrections to the extremal position depend on $η$, whereas for $η\geq1/2$ the extremal position becomes independent of $η$, up to an additive constant.