Probing the Spatial Coherence of Chiral-Imbalance Fluctuations with Hyperon Spin Correlations

Abstract

Topological fluctuations in the quark-gluon plasma can generate local chiral imbalances whose spatial coherence remains difficult to access with conventional charge-separation measurements. We propose differential hyperon-pair spin correlations as a probe of both the strength and spatial organization of these fluctuations. Fluctuations of the axial chemical potential $μ_5$ can induce pair correlations even when the mean helicity polarization vanishes. Using the AMPT model, we find that the magnitude of the hyperon spin correlation probes the magnitude and spatial coherence scale of $μ_5$, while the ratio of short- and long-range correlations varies strongly with the spatial coherence scale, but only weakly with $μ_{5}$ over the range of explored parameters. These observables provide an experimentally testable strategy for constraining the spatial structure of chiral-imbalance fluctuations.