Optimal stability estimates and preasymptotic error analysis of the CIP-FEM for the Helmholtz equation with uniaxial perfectly matched layers

Abstract

We study the uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) problem for the Helmholtz equation in two and three dimensions and establish wavenumber-explicit stability estimates at high wavenumbers. For the full-space UPML problem, we prove the optimal stability estimate with the inf-sup constant satisfying $μ_\infty\eqsim k^{-1}$ for sufficiently large $k$ if the absorption function $σ\in W^{1,\infty}$ is a piecewise-power function of order at least one for which $\|σ&#39;\|_{L^\infty(\{t:0<σ(t)\leqδ_*\})}\leq \varepsilon_*$, where $\varepsilon_*$ and $δ_*$ depend only on the PML parameters. Using this stability estimate, we obtain the optimal inf-sup estimate $μ_L\eqsim k^{-1}$ for the truncated UPML problem. These estimates further yield preasymptotic error estimates for a linear continuous interior penalty finite element method (CIP-FEM). Numerical simulations confirmed the theoretical predictions and demonstrated the effectiveness of CIP-FEM under high-wavenumber conditions.