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Shoot on (Core)Sight: Re-enabling Secure Debug on the RP2350 with Photon-Emission Microscopy and Laser Fault Injection

Antoine Plin

cs.CRarXiv:2611.06386

Abstract

Fault-resistant policy storage does not guarantee fault-resistant enforcement. We demonstrated this distinction on the RP2350A4 using differential photon-emission microscopy (PEM) and laser fault injection (LFI). PEM narrowed the area for laser scanning, which found two sites where pulses set the DEBUGEN bits enabling core~1 Secure debug. An online attack sequence using only Serial Wire Debug (SWD) feedback restored sustained access. After rescue reset, the sequence recovered a 128-bit test secret. This reset reloads the secret's runtime page lock from a stored policy that permits Secure reads and prevents user firmware from tightening the lock.

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