Near-Quantum-Limited Readout for the Princeton Axion Search using a sub-GHz Kinetic Inductance Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier
Joe Wiedemann, Roman Kolevatov, Jianyang Fu, Joelle-Marie Begin, Nate Otto, Felix St-Amour, Lyman Page, Henry LeDuc, Peter Day, Saptarshi Chaudhuri
Abstract
Parametric amplifiers are a workhorse for near-quantum-limited measurements above 1 GHz. However, amplifier development has been more limited below 1 GHz. We present a kinetic inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifier (KI-TWPA) operating over 300-700 MHz, with gain exceeding 30 dB and pump powers of a few hundred nanowatts. The system noise performance, as measured by a variable-temperature noise source, is 2.5-3.5 quanta. This device is a versatile new tool for precision measurements of sub-GHz signals, with applications including readout of semiconductor spin qubits, superconducting detector arrays, and searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model. We characterize aspects of the amplifier performance relevant to axion searches, including gain drift, compression point, amplifier noise at various operating temperatures, readout with an input circulator, and magnetic field insensitivity.
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